This set of Meat Processing Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Structure of Meat”.
1. The principal muscle present in meat is skeletal muscles.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: There are mainly three types of muscle. They are: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. The majority of meat obtained from the carcasses of animals consists of skeletal muscles and it is used as food. While other muscles constitutes minority and they are present in blood vessels and heart.
2. What is the name of sheath of connective tissue surrounding each of the muscles?
a) Perimysium
b) Epimysium
c) Endomysium
d) Sarcoplasm
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Explanation: Epimysium is known as the sheath of connective tissue surrounding each of the muscles. While perimysium is present on the inner surface of epimysium, endomysium is the connective tissue covering the muscle fiber and sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm of the muscle fiber.
3. Which of the following muscles are known as striated muscles?
a) Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle
b) Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle
c) Smooth muscle, skeletal muscle
d) Voluntary muscle, smooth muscle
View Answer
Explanation: Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscles are called striated muscles. They show striations under the microscope, because of the proteins myosin and actin is organized in to the repeating units called sarcomere. In smooth muscles they are not organized into an ordered repeating unit and thereby the striations are not present. Skeletal muscles are called voluntary muscles.
4. Which of the following statement is not correct about sarcomere?
a) Repeating unit of muscle fiber
b) Not responsible for muscle contraction
c) The distance present between 2 Z lines
d) The length of the myofibril is dependent on the number of sarcomeres
View Answer
Explanation: Sarcomere is responsible for muscle contraction as they contain the structural elements to perform contraction. They represent the basic repeating unit of muscle fiber. It is also known as the distance between two Z lines and length of myofibril is dependent on the number of sarcomeres.
5. Which of the following are correct about I-band and A-band?
a) I-band – dark and A-band – light
b) I-band – light and A-band – light
c) I-band – dark and A -band – dark
d) I-band – light and A-band – dark
View Answer
Explanation: The bands are called light and dark due to their isotropic and anisotropic properties. The light bands have an accurate index of refraction hence isotropic. Therefore, these bands are called I – bands according to this isotropic property. The dark band appears dark as it is anisotropic and thus it is called the A – band.
6. Actin is the most abundant protein in the myofibril.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Myosin is the most abundant protein in the myofibril. It constitutes about 50% of the skeletal muscle cell. It has an isoelectric point of 5.3 and has 6 polypeptides. Actin consists of about only 20% of the myofibrillar proteins.
7. What is the name of component that connects the sarcolemma to the outermost myofibril?
a) Sarcomere
b) H-band
c) Costamere
d) Z- lines
View Answer
Explanation: Outermost myofibrils are connected to the sarcolemma by intermediate filaments known as costamere. They interact with the Z – line and other structures at the sarcolemma. Sarcomere is the region between consecutive z lines. H-zone is the region where the actin and myosin filaments are not superimposed on each other.
8. Which of the following is true about myosin and actin?
a) Actin-thick filament, myosin- thin filament
b) Actin-thin filament, myosin- thin filament
c) Actin-thin filament, myosin- thick filament
d) Actin-thick filament, myosin- thick filament
View Answer
Explanation: Thin filaments are mainly made up of the protein actin and thick filament is made up of the protein myosin. These two proteins collectively constitute about 70% of the myofibril of the skeletal muscle. They are responsible for the muscle contraction.
9. Which of the following is the approximate length of sarcomere in a relaxed muscle?
a) 2.2 μ m
b) 0.2 μ m
c) 1.2 μ m
d) 1.0 μ m
View Answer
Explanation: During the relaxed state, the distance between two Z – lines is approximately 2.2 μ m that is known as the length of sarcomere. A large number of sarcomeres in series constitute a single myofibril. The length of the myofibril and thereby the muscle cell is dependent on the number of sarcomeres.
10. Which of the following is not a process in which muscles increase the size?
a) Atrophy
b) Hyperplasia
c) Hypertrophy
d) Accretion
View Answer
Explanation: Atrophy is the process in which the size of the muscle is decreased. While all other process increase the muscle size. Hyperplasia refers to an increase in fiber number; hypertrophy is defined as an increase in fiber size. By the process of accretion muscle can also increase in size.
11. Which of the following is the correct order of elements in the muscle from outermost to the innermost?
a) Muscle bundle-> Muscle fibers-> Myofibrils-> Myofilaments
b) Muscle fibers-> Muscle bundle-> Myofibrils -> Myofilaments
c) Muscle bundle-> Myofibrils-> Myofilaments -> Muscle fibers
d) Myofilaments-> Myofibrils -> Muscle fibers -> Muscle bundle
View Answer
Explanation: Muscle consists of a number of muscle bundles. Each muscle bundle consists of number of muscle fibers. Muscle fiber consists of myofibrils that are arranged in parallel fashion in the sarcoplasm which in turn consists of myofilaments. Myofilaments are the innermost element in muscles.
12. What is the pH of live muscle and pH after postmortem?
a) 7.1, 5.6
b) 5.5, 8
c) 4, 9.9
d) 3, 3.3
View Answer
Explanation: A live muscle has a neutral pH about 7.2 and the muscle is converted to meat after postmortem. During postmortem the lactic acid accumulates in the muscle and thus reduces the pH. Thus after postmortem the pH will be slightly acidic such as 5.6.
13. Which of the following animals have red muscles?
a) Beef and frog
b) Beef and chicken
c) Chicken and pork
d) Pork and beef
View Answer
Explanation: Pork and beef consists of red muscles. The characteristics of red muscles are smaller in diameter, ATPase activity, and lower glycolytic metabolism. But they possess higher oxidative metabolism than white muscle fibers.
14. Which of the following is known as Ca2+ pump?
a) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
b) Sarcoplasm
c) Sarcolemma
d) Sarcomere
View Answer
Explanation: Sarcoplasmic reticulum supplies the calcium ions for the muscle contraction. It is a membrane-bound structure present in the muscle cell. While other components of muscle cell, doesn’t store calcium ions.
15. Which of the muscle is present in the stomach of the animals?
a) Striated muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Skeletal muscle
View Answer
Explanation: Smooth muscles are found in the stomach, blood vessels, lymphatic tissue of animals. These are involuntary in nature and doesn’t possess any striations and hence they as called unstriated. Cardiac muscle is present in the heart and skeletal muscle is the abundant muscle present in the animals.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Meat Processing.
To practice all areas of Meat Processing, here is complete set of Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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