This set of Biochemical Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Biological Basics – Nucleic Acids”.
1. Which nucleotide represents an adenine base added to the nucleic acid DNA?
a) Adenosine
b) Deoxyadenosine
c) Adenylate
d) Deoxyadenylate
View Answer
Explanation: Adenosine and deoxyadenosine are the nucleosides representing the nucleic acid RNA and DNA respectively. Adenylate and deoxyadenylate are the nucleotides representing the nucleic acid RNA and DNA respectively.
2. Which nucleoside represents a Cytosine base added to the nucleic acid RNA?
a) Cytidine
b) Deoxycytidine
c) Cytidylate
d) Deoxycytidylate
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Explanation: Cytidine and deoxycystidine are the nucleosides representing the nucleic acid RNA and DNA respectively. Cytidylate and deoxycytidylate are the nucleotides representing the nucleic acid RNA and DNA respectively.
3. Identify which experiments showed that the DNA isolated from one bacterial strain can enter and transform or cell’s strain.
a) Hershey-Chase experiment
b) MacLeod-McCarty experiment
c) Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment
d) Hershey’s experiment
View Answer
Explanation: There are only two experiments done on biochemical analysis of DNA. They are: – Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment done by isolation of bacterial strain and Hershey-Chase experiment showed that genetic information of bacterial virus is absent in its protein coat.
4. Watson and Crick postulated that native DNA consists of two anti-parallel chains in a right handed double-helical arrangement.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Watson and Crick postulated that native DNA consists of two anti-parallel chains in a right-handed double-helical arrangement. Complementary base pairs, A, T and G, C, are formed by hydrogen bonding within the helix.
5. What is the number of base pairs seen in one turn of DNA?
a) 8.5
b) 9.5
c) 10.5
d) 11.5
View Answer
Explanation: 10.5 base pairs are seen in one turn of DNA. The distance between two nucleotides is 3.9A°.
6. The sugar-phosphate backbone is negatively charged. Which of these ions is used to stabilize this charge?
a) Cu2+
b) Mg2+
c) Na+
d) K+
View Answer
Explanation: Mg2+ ion is used to stabilize the negative charge of the sugar-phosphate backbone.
7. 3’ end of t-RNA consists of a constant sequence. Identify the sequence?
a) CAA
b) AAA
c) CCA
d) CAC
View Answer
Explanation: the 3’ end is conserved with a CCA sequence. This codes for a specific amino acid which attaches to the structure.
8. Viroid consists of RNA. Which of these is not the function of RNA?
a) Does not encode for proteins
b) Encodes for proteins
c) Store genetic information
d) Replication using polymerase of host cell.
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Explanation: RNA of viroids does not encode for proteins but in multiplies by polymerase enzyme of the host cell.
9. Identify the disease which causes the death of brain cells?
a) Huntington’s disease
b) Cystic fibrosis
c) Thalassemia
d) Fragile X syndrome
View Answer
Explanation: Huntington’s disease is an inherited disease which leads to the death of brain cells. The main symptoms are mood disability, lack of coordination and etc.
10. Identify the disease based on the given description.
• Lifelong condition • Physical growth delays • Moderate intellectual disability • Characteristic change in facial features
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Sickle cell anemia
c) Down’s syndrome
d) Hemophilia
View Answer
Explanation: Down’s syndrome is also called trisomy 21. In this condition three copies of the chromosome 21 is seen. This results in mental retardation, physical growth delay and etc.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biochemical Engineering
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