This set of Biochemical Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Cellular Information – Transformation”.
1. ____________ is a novel technique to alter the genetic nature of cells by direct intake and incorporation of a foreign genetic matter.
a) Transformation
b) Transduction
c) Conjugation
d) Transposons
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation is a novel technique to alter the genetic nature of cells by direct intake from its surroundings and incorporation of a foreign genetic matter. The intake is mainly through the cell membrane of the cell.
2. Transformation can also be explained as the insertion of novel matter into non-bacterial cells.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation can also be explained as the insertion of novel matter into non-bacterial cells. These non-bacterial cells can be plant and animal cells. In animals it can lead to cancerous state.
3. In which year was transformation was first demonstrated?
a) 1918
b) 1922
c) 1928
d) 1929
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation was first demonstrated in the year 1928 by Frederick Griffith. He discovered that heat-killed bacteria can be used to vaccinate mice as a treatment against pneumonia.
4. Transformation using electroporation technique was discovered in which year?
a) 1950
b) 1960
c) 1970
d) 1980
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation using electroporation technique was discovered in late 1980s. This technique had very high efficiency to transform bacterial cells in very large number.
5. Agrobacterium tumafaciens was discovered in which year?
a) 1900
b) 1903
c) 1907
d) 1911
View Answer
Explanation: Agrobacterium tumafaciens was discovered in 1907. This bacterium causes plant tumors.
6. Transformation is studied in which of these species of gram negative bacteria?
a) Haemophilus influenzae
b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
c) Bacillus subtilis
d) Streptococcus aureus
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation is studied on medically important gram-negative bacteria. Haemophilus influenzae, Vibrio cholerae are examples of it.
7. Transformation is studied in which of these species of gram positive bacteria.
a) Vibrio cholerae
b) Streptococcus sanguinis
c) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
d) Helicobacter pylori
View Answer
Explanation: Transformation is studied on medically important gram-positive bacteria. Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus pneumoniae are example of it.
8. How many bacteria species were capable of transformation till 2014?
a) 80
b) 82
c) 84
d) 86
View Answer
Explanation: There were 80 bacteria capable of transformation till 2014. These 80 bacteria were evenly divided as gram-negative and gram-positive.
9. What is the protein required for the transport of exogenous genetic material?
a) RNA transcriptase
b) RNA translocase
c) DNA transcriptase
d) DNA translocase
View Answer
Explanation: DNA translocase is required for the transport of exogenous genetic material. DNA first binds with competent cell of the receptor and then it is transported using DNA translocase through cell membrane.
10. How many genes are required for the competence development of Bacillus subtilis?
a) 35
b) 38
c) 40
d) 43
View Answer
Explanation: The competence development of Bacillus subtilis requires 40 genes. The length of the DNA transferred is greater than 1271kbp.
11. At what stage of growth is transformation of Haemophilus influenzae the most efficient?
a) In the Log Phase
b) In the Stationary Phase
c) In the Deceleration phase
d) In the Acceleration Phase
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Explanation: The transformation of Haemophilus influenzae is most efficient towards the end of Log phase and starting of Stationary phase. Simply it is most efficient at the deceleration phase.
12. Which of these solutions is used to disrupt the cell membrane of bacteria for transformation?
a) Nacl
b) Cacl2
c) KCl
d) HCl
View Answer
Explanation: Cacl2 is used to disrupt the cell membrane. This allows the transfer of required DNA into the host cell.
13. Which of these vectors have a transformation efficiency of 1×108cfu/µg?
a) pEMBL Vector
b) Lambda Vector
c) pUC 19 Vector
d) M13 mp Vector
View Answer
Explanation: pUC 19 Vector has a transformation efficiency of 1×108cfu/µg. That means almost 2000 molecules are transformed.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biochemical Engineering
To practice all areas of Biochemical Engineering, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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