This set of Biochemical Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Cellular Information – Mutation – Set 2”.
1. Mutations can be harmful or beneficial.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: A harmful mutation can result in the decrease of fitness of the organism. A beneficial mutation can increase the fitness of the organism.
2. Which of these mutations occur at a steady state?
a) Deleterious Mutation
b) Advantageous Mutation
c) Neutral Mutation
d) Nearly Neutral Mutation
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Explanation: Neutral mutation is neither beneficial nor harmful. Neutral mutation occurs at a steady state forming molecular clock.
3. Which of these mutations are not inherited and transferred to the next generation?
a) Point Mutation
b) Prion Mutation
c) Somatic Mutation
d) Amorphic Mutation
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Explanation: Mutations that are not inherited and transferred to the next generation are called Somatic mutations. These mutations are not inherited because they do not affect the germ line.
4. A __________ mutation is a replacement of amino acids that affect the enzyme activity.
a) Hypomorphic mutation
b) Hypermorphic mutation
c) Amorphic mutation
d) Neutral mutation
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Explanation: A Hypomorphic mutation is a replacement of amino acids that affect the enzyme activity. Here complete loss of enzymes does not occur but their number is reduced.
5. Prions are materials which are not made of proteins.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Prions are made up of proteins. Their peculiarity is that they do not have genetic material.
6. Which of these mutations change the regulation of gene?
a) Hypomorphic mutation
b) Hypermorphic mutation
c) Amorphic mutation
d) Neutral mutation
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Explanation: Hypermorphic mutation changes the regulation of genes. These changes increase the amount of gene products formed more than the normal level.
7. Identify the mutation.
a) Frame shift Mutation
b) Silent Mutation
c) Non-sense Mutation
d) Missense Mutation
View Answer
Explanation: Here a point mutation has occurred. This resulted in the formation of a stop codon UAG. Hence, it is non-sense mutation.
8. Identify the mutation.
a) Frame shift Mutation
b) Silent Mutation
c) Non-sense Mutation
d) Missense Mutation
View Answer
Explanation: Frame shift mutation occurs when there is an addition or deletion in the reading frame. In the diagram given, there is a deletion of a nucleotide. Hence t is frame shift mutation.
9. Which disease is caused due to point mutation at Chromosome no. 15?
a) Turner syndrome
b) Prader-Willi syndrome
c) Angelman syndrome
d) Tay-Sachs disease
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Explanation: Tay- Sachs disease is a genetic disorder which is caused due to a point mutation on chromosome no. 15. This disease results in the destruction of brain and spinal cords.
10. Which disease is caused due to point mutation at Chromosome no. 12q?
a) Prader-Willi syndrome
b) Phenylketonuria
c) Angelman syndrome
d) Cystic fibrosis
View Answer
Explanation: Phenylketonuria is caused due to point mutation at Chromosome no. 12q. It is a disease in which the metabolism of phenylalanine is reduced. This excess of phenylalanine can cause mental disorders, seizures and etc.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biochemical Engineering
To practice all areas of Biochemical Engineering, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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