This set of Industrial Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Inspection and Quality Control”.
1. Consider the below statements.
(i) Quality is defined as fitness for the purpose at the lowest cost
(ii) Quality is a grade of the product in appearance, performance, life, reliability, taste, odour, maintainability etc
(iii) Quality is the degree to which a specified product is preferred over competing products of equivalent grade, based on the comparative test by customers, normally called as customer’s preference
(iv) Quality is a measure of the degree of the general excellence of the product
(v) Quality may be defined as the degree of conformance to design and specifications
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) i, ii
b) i, v, iv
c) i, ii, iii, iv, v
d) ii, iv, iii
View Answer
Explanation: All the statements i, ii, iii, iv, v are the definitions of quality.
Statement (i) gives the meaning of Fitness for purposes. Similarly, statements ii, iii, iv, v defines the quality of a product or services with respect to grade, degree of preference, degree of excellence, degree of conformance.
2. Alford and Beatly defined quality control as “Industrial management technique by means of which products of uniform acceptable quality are manufactured”.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Alford and Beatly defined quality control as “Industrial management technique by means of which products of uniform acceptable quality are manufactured”. Quality control is concerned with making things right rather than discovering and rejecting those made wrong.
3. What is the job of evaluating the company’s activities with respect to quality, reporting the results of the evaluation to all the concerned for information and necessary action called?
a) Quality control
b) Quality of design
c) Quality assurance
d) Quality of conformance
View Answer
Explanation: The job of evaluating the company’s activities with respect to quality, reporting the results of the evaluation to all the concerned for information and necessary action is called Quality assurance. It deals with the question of assuring the desired quality, reliability, service and other aspects in the manufactured product through scientific principles.
4. The design stage in producing a quality product related to quality assurance ensures that the quality of the design is according to the needs of the customers.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: There are three stages in producing a quality product related to quality assurance. They are
i. Design stage
ii. Manufacturing stage
iii. Field observations stage
The design stage in producing a quality product related to quality assurance ensures that the quality of the design is according to the needs of the customers.
5. According to the American society for quality control, how many categories of quality costs are there?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Five
d) Four
View Answer
Explanation: Cost of quality is the actual amount spent by an industry/organization to maintain the predetermined quality of the product or service. According to the American society for quality control, cost of quality or quality cost are categorized into four. They are
i. Cost of prevention
ii. Cost of appraisal
iii. Cost of internal failures
iv. Cost of external failures
6. Consider the below statements.
(i) Inspection is the process of measuring the quality of a product or service in terms of established standards.
(ii) Inspection is the art of comparing materials, products or performances with established standards.
(iii) Inspection is the art of applying tests, preferably by the aid of measuring appliances to observe whether a given item of product is with n the specified limits of variability.
(iv) Inspection is not a tool for controlling the quality of the product.
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) i, ii
b) i, v, iv
c) i, ii, iii, iv
d) ii, i, iii
View Answer
Explanation: All the statements are the definitions of inspection.
Statement (iv) is the above question is wrong because it is in the opposite context to the actual definition.
Actual definitions are given below:
(i) Inspection is the process of measuring the quality of a product or service in terms of established standards.
(ii) Inspection is the art of comparing materials, products or performances with established standards.
(iii) Inspection is the art of applying tests, preferably by the aid of measuring appliances to observe whether a given item of product is with n the specified limits of variability.
(iv) Inspection is a tool for controlling the quality of the product.
Statement (i) is the definition given by Dr W.R. Spriegel. Similarly, statements (ii) and (iii) are given by Kimball and Alford respectively.
7. What is the floor inspection also called as?
a) Sampling inspection
b) Patrolling inspection
c) Functional inspection
d) Centralised inspection
View Answer
Explanation: Based on the location of workplace inspection methods are classified as follows:
i. Floor or patrolling inspection
ii. Centralised inspection
iii. Combined method of inspection
8. When the inspection of products is carried out on the shop-floor during the time of production, then such an inspection is known is ___________
a) Floor inspection
b) Centralised inspection
c) Working inspection
d) Operational inspection
View Answer
Explanation: When the inspection of products is carried out on the shop-floor during the time of production, then such an inspection is known as floor inspection. It means the inspection is carried out at the manufacturing site. The products are inspected when they are coming out of the production lines.
9. ___________________ walks around the shop-floor, from one machine to another machine and checks the parts of work done by the various machines or operators.
a) Floor inspector
b) Patrol inspector
c) Pilot inspector
d) Central inspector
View Answer
Explanation: When the work is not sufficient to floor inspector, it is carried out by the patrol inspector. Patrol inspector walks around the shop-floor, from one machine to another machine and checks the parts of work done by the various machines or operators.
10. The inspection carried out at special rooms or cabins that are equipped with highly accurate measuring instruments is known as _________________
a) Floor inspection
b) Centralised inspection
c) Working inspection
d) Operational inspection
View Answer
Explanation: The inspection carried out at special rooms or cabins that are equipped with highly accurate measuring instruments is known as centralised inspection. Its main idea is to separate the inspection from manufacturing for facilitating the inspector to work in a free atmosphere. Inspection results are more accurate.
11. Both floor inspection and centralized inspection are carried out in _____________________
a) Operation inspection
b) Working inspection
c) Combined method of inspection
d) Functional inspection
View Answer
Explanation: Combined method of inspection is a combination of both floor inspection and centralised inspection systems. It considers the advantages of both systems. Heavy parts and generalised inspection is done at shop-floor and the parts which require special type of inspection are carried out in special rooms.
12. _______________________ is the method of estimating the quality of the whole products (lot) from the quality of the samples that are drawn from the same lot.
a) Statistical quality control
b) Quality assurance
c) Inspection
d) Numerical technique
View Answer
Explanation: Statistical quality control is the method of estimating the quality of the whole products (lot) from the quality of the samples that are drawn from the same lot. It applies the concepts of statistics to the production process for maintaining the quality of the products.
13. _________________________ introduced statistical quality control technique.
a) Gilbreth
b) Monte-Carlo
c) Dr Walter A. Shewart
d) Taylor
View Answer
Explanation: Dr Walter A. Shewart, an American scientist at the Bell Telephone laboratories introduced the statistical quality control technique during the World war-II.
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