This set of Energy Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Solar Radiation”.
1. Which of the following energy has the greatest potential among all the sources of renewable energy?
a) Solar energy
b) Wind Energy
c) Thermal energy
d) Hydro-electrical energy
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy has the greatest potential of all the sources of renewable energy which comes to the earth from sun. This energy keeps the temperature of the earth above that in colder space, causes wind currents in the ocean and the atmosphere, causes water cycle and generates photosynthesis in plants.
2. What is the rate of solar energy reaching the earth surface?
a) 1016W
b) 865W
c) 2854W
d) 1912W
View Answer
Explanation: The solar energy reaching the surface of the earth is about 1016W whereas the worldwide power demand is 1013W. That means solar energy gives us 1000 times more energy than our requirement.
3. What is total amount of solar energy received by earth and atmosphere?
a) 3.8 X 1024 J/year
b) 9.2 X 1024 J/year
c) 5.4 X 1024 J/year
d) 2.1 X 1024 J/year
View Answer
Explanation: Even if we use 5% of this energy, it is more than 50 times our requirement. The total solar radiation absorbed by the earth and its atmosphere is 3.8 X 1024 Joules/year. Except that it is distributed over the area of earth.
4. Which is most common source of energy from which electricity is produced?
a) Hydroelectricity
b) Wind energy
c) Coal
d) Solar energy
View Answer
Explanation: Coal is the most common source of energy that is being used since industrialization. Modern steam boilers can burn coal in any of its form as a primary fuel. Different ranks of coal available are peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite.
5. Oil is estimated to last for ________ more.
a) 100 years
b) 500 years
c) A decade
d) 800 years
View Answer
Explanation: Almost 40% of energy needs is met by oil alone. With present consumption and a resource of 250,000 million tonnes of oil, it is estimated to be last for only 100 years, unless more oil is discovered. Major chunk of oil comes from petroleum.
6. Complete the following reaction.
H2O + CO2 → _______
a) CH2O + O2
b) CO2 + O2
c) H + CO2 + O2
d) CH2O + H2O + O2
View Answer
Explanation: H2O + CO2 → CH2O + O2 ∵under solar energy CH2O is stable at low temperature but breaks at higher temperature releasing heat equal to 469 Kj/mole.
7. In what form is solar energy is radiated from the sun?
a) Ultraviolet Radiation
b) Infrared radiation
c) Electromagnetic waves
d) Transverse waves
View Answer
Explanation: Solar energy is radiated from the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves of shorter wavelength of 0.2 to 0.4 micrometers. Out of all the solar energy radiations reaching the earth’s atmosphere, 8% is ultraviolet radiation, 40% is visible range light and 46% is by infrared radiation.
8. What does MHD stands for in the energy field?
a) Magneto Hydro Dynamic
b) Metal Hydrogen Detox
c) Micro Hybrid Drive
d) Metering Head Differential
View Answer
Explanation: Magneto hydro dynamic is a generator which is used for direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. They work on faraday principle. When an electric conductor moves across a magnetic field, electric current is produced.
9. Solar radiation which reaches the surface without scattering or absorbed is called _____________
a) Beam Radiation
b) Infrared radiation
c) Ultraviolet radiation
d) Diffuse radiation
View Answer
Explanation: Solar radiation that has not been absorbed or scattered and reaches the ground from the sun is called direct radiation or beam radiation. It is the radiation which produces a shadow when interrupted by an opaque object.
10. The scattered solar radiation is called ____________
a) Direct Radiation
b) Beam Radiation
c) Diffuse radiation
d) Infrared Radiation
View Answer
Explanation: Diffuse radiation received from the sun after its direction has been changed by reflection and scattering by the atmosphere. Since the solar radiation is scattered in all direction in the atmosphere, diffuse radiation comes to the earth from all parts of the sky.
11. Solar radiation received at any point of earth is called ______________
a) Insolation
b) Beam Radiation
c) Diffuse Radiation
d) Infrared rays
View Answer
Explanation: Insolation is the total solar radiation received at any point on any point on the earth’s surface. In other words insolation is the sum of the direct and diffuse radiation. More specifically insolation is defined as the total solar radiation energy received on a horizontal surface of unit area on the ground in unit time.
12. Insolation is less ____________
a) when the sun is low
b) when the sun right above head
c) at night
d) at sun rise
View Answer
Explanation: The insolation at a given point or location on the earth’s surface depends among other factors, on the altitude of the sun in the sky. As a result of absorption and scattering, the insolation is less when the sun is low in the sky than when it is higher.
13. HHW stands for ____________
a) High and Low water
b) High Level Waste
c) Heated Low Level water
d) High and Low Waste
View Answer
Explanation: These are generated in reprocessing of spent fuel. They contain all fission products and contain of the transuranium elements not separated during reprocessing. Such wastes are to be disposed of carefully.
14. What is unit of nuclear radiation?
a) Reaumur
b) Roentgen
c) Rankine
d) Pascal
View Answer
Explanation: Units of nuclear radiation is Roentgen- amount of radiation which will on passing through pure air under standard condition produce 1 electrostatic unit of ions/cm3 of air -> 86.9 ergs of energy absorbed/gm of air.
15. Which type of fuel is removed from the reactor core after reaching end of core life service?
a) Burnt Fuel
b) Spent fuel
c) Engine oil
d) Radioactive fuel
View Answer
Explanation: Spent fuel is the unprocessed fuel that is removed from the reactor core after reaching end of core life service. It is removed and then stored for 3 to 4 months under water in the plant site to give time for the most intense radioactive isotopes to decay.
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