Here are Agricultural Biotechnology MCQs (Chapterwise).
1. Which of the following is a common application of agricultural biotechnology?
a) Genetic modification of crops for increased yield
b) Crop rotation methods
c) Pest control using chemical pesticides
d) Soil erosion prevention techniques
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Explanation: Agricultural biotechnology often involves genetic modification of crops to introduce desirable traits such as increased yield, improved resistance to pests and diseases, and enhanced nutritional value.
2. Locating and identifying agriculturally important genes is called _________
a) Immobilization
b) Gene therapy
c) Gene regulation
d) Gene identification
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Explanation: Gene identification helps in creating chromosome maps. Tissue culture techniques help in cell culture. It also helps in cell fusion, regeneration of plants, etc.
3. What is the primary goal of agricultural biotechnology?
a) To enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability
b) To increase crop diversity
c) To develop crops with improved nutritional value
d) To reduce the use of chemical fertilizers
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Explanation: The main objective of agricultural biotechnology is to develop technologies and techniques that improve agricultural productivity while promoting sustainability by reducing environmental impacts and conserving natural resources.
4. Who defined biotechnology as the application of biological organisms, system or processes to manufacturing and service industries?
a) Japanese biotechnologists
b) US National Science Foundation
c) British biotechnologists
d) European Federation of Biotechnology
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Explanation: Biotechnology is defined as the integrated use of biochemistry and microbiology. This is defined by European Federation of Biotechnology. This helps in achieving technological application of the micro-organisms.
5. What is the biotechnology involving new approaches to plant pest control called?
a) Biotechnology
b) Microbial agro-biotechnology
c) Livestock biotechnology
d) Marine biotechnology
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Explanation: Livestock biotechnology involves genetic manipulations. This helps in fertility and reproduction capacity of animals. This also helps in improving milk quality, egg production and disease control.
6. Which type of cloning is related to monoclonal antibody technology?
a) Animal cloning
b) Plant cloning
c) Cellular cloning
d) Molecular cloning
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Explanation: Cellular cloning has helped in development and commercialization. It has led to the regeneration of transgenic plants from single cells. It has also helped in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
7. What is the bacterium from which glyphosate-resistance gene was isolated?
a) Salmonella typhimurium
b) Staph aureus
c) Treponema pallidum
d) Borrelia afzelii
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Explanation: A glyphosate resistance gene is isolated and transferred into cotton, poplar trees, soybeans, tobacco and tomatoes. Field testing and commercialization of glyphosate resistant crops will be followed soon.
8. Which is the compound that makes wood resistant to degradation?
a) Chlorophyll
b) Cellulose
c) Lignin
d) Timber
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Explanation: Lignin is a tough component. Potential for bioprocessing to create methane lies in using microbes and waste. Domestic sewage, manure, crop residues can be considered as waste.
9. Where is Women’s Biotechnology Park located?
a) Payyanur
b) Maddur
c) Dhabaspet
d) Siruseri
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Explanation: Siruseri is located in Tamil Nadu. The WBP was established at a cost of Rs. 6.7 crore is a major effort in promoting biotechnology. Central funding up to s. 4 crore has been made available.
10. Which of these is a gymnosperm?
a) Cotton
b) White spruce
c) Pear
d) Lotus
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Explanation: Few examples of monocotyledons include white spruce, rice, corn, tall fescue, orchard grape, etc. Fe examples of woody dicotyledons are poplar, pear, walnut, apple, neem, etc.
11. Which is the herbicide detoxicified by nitrilase?
a) Atrazine
b) Imidazolinones
c) Glyphosate
d) Bromoxynil
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Explanation: Nitrilase is coded by gene b*n in Klebsiella penumoniae and it detoxifies the herbicide Bromoxynil. Phosphinothricin acetyl transferase detoxifies the herbicide PPT (L-phosphinothricin).
12. Which of the following is not a disadvantage of cross protection?
a) Synergism
b) Mutation
c) Yield losses
d) Spread of virus
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Explanation: Cross protection reduces yield losses. The disadvantages include the possibility of mutation in including mild virus strain and the possibility of synergism between virus and another unrelated virus.
13. Which of these is a resistant gene for Rhizoctina solani?
a) Citinase gene
b) Acetyl Transferase gene
c) Osmotin gene
d) Chitinase gene
View Answer
Explanation: The resistance gene for Pseudomonas syringae is Acetyl Transferase gene. The resistance gene for Alternaria longipes is Citinase gene. The resistance gene for Rhizoctina solani is Chitinase gene. The resistance gene for Phytophthora infestans is Osmotin gene.
14. Which of the following techniques is commonly used in genetic engineering for enhancing nitrogen fixation in plants?
a) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
b) Southern blotting
c) CRISPR-Cas9
d) RNA interference (RNAi)
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Explanation: CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool used in genetic engineering to precisely modify DNA sequences. It has been employed to enhance nitrogen fixation in plants by introducing genes responsible for nitrogen-fixing enzymes or by modifying existing genes to improve nitrogen fixation efficiency.
15. What is the time limit for storage of enzymes in ice bucket?
a) 2-3 minutes
b) 1-2 minutes
c) 4-5 minutes
d) 3-4 minutes
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Explanation: Enzymes should never be stored in their original packing in the freezer at -20˚C and should never be placed on the counter top except in an ice bucket for short 1-2 minute intervals when pipetting is to be carried out.
16. Which of these enzymes help in end to end joining of DNA duplexes?
a) T4 polynucleotide ligase
b) Ligase
c) Ribonuclease
d) Cellulase
View Answer
Explanation: T4 polynucleotide ligase catalyses the end to end joining of DNA duplexes at the base paired end. This reaction could occur intermolecularly or intramolecularly.
17. Which of the following is not an application of plasmid?
a) Transfer of genes
b) Cloning
c) Destroying organisms
d) Manipulation of genes
View Answer
Explanation: Scientists have taken advantage of plasmids to use them as tools to clone, transfer and manipulate genes. Plasmids that are used experimentally for these purposes are called vectors.
18. Which of these is possible in cloning vectors themselves?
a) Production of gene
b) Storing of genetic sequence
c) Translation of gene
d) Transcription of gene
View Answer
Explanation: Cloning vectors are only useful for storing a genetic sequence. By themselves, they are incapable of allowing for transcription and translation of the gene into a functional protein product.
19. What are the main components of bacteriophage?
a) Proteins and Lipids
b) Carbohydrates and Lipids
c) Proteins and Carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acids and Proteins
View Answer
Explanation: The bacteriophage carry DNA or RNA. The bases that make up genetic material of bacteriophage are slightly different from the genetic material that of the host bacteria.
Chapterwise Multiple Choice Questions on Agricultural Biotechnology
- Agricultural Biotechnology Basics
- Biotechnology Research Promotion and Priorities in India
- Applications of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture
- Enzymes in Genetic Engineering
- Gene Cloning Vectors
1. MCQ on Agricultural Biotechnology Basics
The section contains multiple choice questions and answers on agricultural biotechnology basics, biotechnologies and breeding, genetic engineering techniques, cell and tissue culture, new approaches to crop and animal production, microorganisms associated with animals, and bioprocessing opportunities.
2. Biotechnology Research Promotion and Priorities in India
The section covers questions and answers on gene banking, conservation and exchange in India.
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3. Applications of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture
The section contains Agricultural Biotechnology MCQs on transgenic plants, genetic engineering for resistance against herbicides, pests, viral infections, and fungal pathogens, as well as genetic engineering for plant lipids, storage proteins, and nitrogen fixation.
4. Agricultural Biotechnology MCQ on Enzymes in Genetic Engineering
The section contains multiple choice questions and answers on storage of DNA and handling of enzymes, including ligases, alkaline phosphate, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, and reverse transcriptase.
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5. Gene Cloning Vectors
The section covers questions and answers on plasmids, gene cloning vectors, bacteriophage vectors for E. coli, and plant vectors.
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Wish you the best in your endeavor to learn and master Agricultural Biotechnology!
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