This set of Farm Tractor Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Ergonomics Principles”.
1. What is known as designing of machine and work system considering comfort and safety of the operator?
a) Ergonomics
b) Economics
c) Ecology
d) Tribology
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Explanation: Ergonomics, a discipline deals with the application of human factors to the designing of the work environment for efficient work output and comfort of the operator. It is also called human engineering.
2. What is the physiological factor which causes stress in the operator?
a) Immobilization
b) Light work
c) Normal weather
d) Perfect work system
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Explanation: Stress is created by a number of physiological factors such as high noisy environment, immobile work nature, heavy work and extreme ambience temperature. These are taken into consideration while designing a system.
3. What is the strain in ergonomics?
a) Measure of stress
b) Measure of work
c) Measure of noise
d) Measure of electricity
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Explanation: Strain is the result of stress obtained from the poor work environment. The strain is measured in the categories of physiological and psychological strain. In farm works, it is about mostly heartbeat rate, respiration rate etc.
4. Which one of the following cause psychological stress in the human?
a) Confinement in work
b) Entertaining work
c) Liberal work
d) Technical work
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Explanation: Confinement in the workplace may lead to stress in humans. It affects their efficiency and productivity in work. It may cause blinking eyes, faster breath. The psychological stress needs to be overcome for effective work.
5. Why heartbeat rate is an essential consideration in ergonomics?
a) Direct relation with stress
b) Indirect relation with stress
c) Indirect relation with strain
d) Direct relation with strain
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Explanation: Heartbeat rate increases when there is stress in the human body or heavy work conditions. There is a specific maximum heart rate for the operator according to the operator health conditions.
6. How the maximum heart rate (MHR) is roughly calculated?
a) MHR = 220 – age of the people
b) MHR = 220 + age of the people
c) MHR = 210 – age of the people
d) MHR = 210 + age of the people
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Explanation: Maximum heartbeat rate is calculated roughly using the formula MHR = 220 – age of the people. For example, an operator of 30 years old may have a maximum heart rate of MHR = 220 – 30 = 190/minute at field working conditions.
7. The highest discomfort rating indicates extreme painful work due to poor working postures.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The poor or prolonged same body posture will cause muscular fatigue. It is measured by overall discomfort rating and the values from low to high denote the painfulness in the work.
8. Which will directly affect the work efficiency?
a) Higher respiration rate
b) Higher energy
c) Optimum heart rate
d) Optimum respiration rate
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Explanation: The higher respiration rate will affect the work, as it is linearly related to the level of workload. The respiration rate is calculated by the volume of air inhaled with respect to time. The higher respiration rate indicates the tough/heavy work.
9. All workplaces should be in comfort and fit for varying heights of people.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The workplace should fit for peoples of all heights. The levers are placed accordingly for convenient operation. The workplace should be free from sharp edges. These are considered in the man-machine interface system.
10. Where the high priority instruments control is placed in the dashboard?
a) Central zone
b) Left side
c) Right side
d) Bottom side
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Explanation: The high priority instruments or frequently used instruments control is placed in the centre of the instrument panel/dashboard of a tractor. This is because the operator can access it without much effort for safety operation.
11. Which one is the factor for dashboard design in a tractor?
a) Symmetrical system
b) Asymmetrical system
c) Randomly placed control
d) Dissymmetry
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Explanation: The dashboard should be designed in a way which is visible to the operator in his/her direct line of vision. It should be symmetrical and the similar controls are grouped together. The dashboard controls are located accordingly to keep the operator familiar with the display controls.
12. How the heat exchange between the human body and the environment is calculated?
a) S = M – E ± R ± C – W
b) S = M – E ± R ± C + W
c) S = M + E ± R ± C – W
d) S = M – E ± R ± C ± W
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Explanation: The heat gained or lost is calculated by S = M – E ± R ± C – W, where M – metabolic rate of the operator, R – Radiation, C – convection, E – evaporation, W – work completed. The positive value of S indicates the rise in body temperature.
13. Why a tractor cab needs air filtration, air cooling/heating?
a) Thermal comfort
b) For difficult operation
c) For chemical equilibrium
d) For tractor functioning
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Explanation: The tractor operator’s enclosure should be designed with air filtration, air cooling/heating etc., for thermal comfort. Thermal comfort is the state of mind that shows satisfaction with the thermal environment.
14. What is known as the designing of work system in considering the cognitive abilities of human?
a) Cognitive ergonomics
b) Physiological ergonomics
c) Biomechanics
d) Biotechnology
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Explanation: Cognitive ergonomics is a sub-discipline of ergonomics and it deals with the design of work system interaction with cognitive abilities such as memory, perception, reaction, decision making etc., in order to create highly effective human performances.
15. What is the physical ergonomics?
a) Human body interaction with workplace things
b) Psychological interaction with workplace
c) Study about physical elements
d) Biomechanics
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Explanation: Physical ergonomics deals with human body interaction with the physical system of the workplace. This is important in farm works as there is number of works involving difficult body postures in agricultural works.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Farm Tractor.
To practice all areas of Farm Tractor, here is complete set of Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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