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C++ Program to Generate All Permutations using BackTracking

Posted on December 28, 2013 by Manish
This C++ Program demonstrates the generation of all Permutations using BackTracking.

Here is source code of the C++ Program to Generate All Permutations using BackTracking. The C++ program is successfully compiled and run on a Linux system. The program output is also shown below.

  1. /*
  2.  * C++ Program to Generate All Permutations using BackTracking
  3.  */
  4. #include <iostream>
  5. #include <cstdio>
  6. #include <cstring>
  7. #include <cstdlib>
  8. using namespace std;
  9.  
  10. /* swap values at two pointers */
  11. void swap (char *x, char *y)
  12. {
  13.     char temp;
  14.     temp = *x;
  15.     *x = *y;
  16.     *y = temp;
  17. }
  18.  
  19. /* print permutations of string */
  20. void permute(char *a, int i, int n)
  21. {
  22.     int j;
  23.     if (i == n)
  24.         cout<<a<<endl;
  25.     else
  26.     {
  27.         for (j = i; j <= n; j++)
  28.         {
  29.             swap((a + i), (a + j));
  30.             permute(a, i + 1, n);
  31.             swap((a+i), (a + j));
  32.        }
  33.    }
  34. }
  35.  
  36. /* Main*/
  37. int main()
  38. {
  39.     char a[] = "abcd";
  40.     permute(a, 0, 3);
  41.     return 0;
  42. }

$ g++ permutations_back.cpp
$ a.out
 
abcd
abdc
acbd
acdb
adcb
adbc
bacd
badc
bcad
bcda
bdca
bdac
cbad
cbda
cabd
cadb
cdab
cdba
dbca
dbac
dcba
dcab
dacb
dabc
 
------------------
(program exited with code: 1)
Press return to continue

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – 1000 C++ Programs.

If you wish to look at all C++ Programming examples, go to C++ Programs.
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Deep Dive @ Sanfoundry:

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  8. C Programming Examples on Combinatorial Problems & Algorithms
  9. C++ Programming Examples on Combinatorial Problems & Algorithms
  10. C Programming Examples on Arrays
Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He is Linux Kernel Developer and SAN Architect and is passionate about competency developments in these areas. He lives in Bangalore and delivers focused training sessions to IT professionals in Linux Kernel, Linux Debugging, Linux Device Drivers, Linux Networking, Linux Storage & Cluster Administration, Advanced C Programming, SAN Storage Technologies, SCSI Internals and Storage Protocols such as iSCSI & Fiber Channel. Stay connected with him below:
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