C++ Program to Count the Number of Vowels/Consonants/Numbers/Special Characters in a String

This is is a C++ Program to Count the Number of Vowels/Consonants/Numbers/Special Characters in a String.

Problem Description

The program takes a string and counts the number of vowels, consonants, numbers and special characters in the string and prints them.

Problem Solution

1. The program takes a string.
2. Using if else condition, the string is checked for vowels, consonants, numbers and special characters and counted.
3. The result is printed.
4. Exit.

C++ Program/Source code

Here is the source code of C++ Program to Count the Number of Vowels/Consonants/Numbers/Special Characters in a String. The program output is shown below.

```
#include<iostream>
```
```
#include<string.h>
```
```
using namespace std;
```
```
int main ()
```
```
{
```
```
    char str[50];
```
```
    int v = 0, c = 0, n = 0, s = 0;
```
```
    cout << "Enter a string : ";
```
```
    gets(str);
```
```
    for (int i = 0; str[i]!='\0'; ++i)
```
```
    {
```

        if (str[i] == 'a' || str[i] == 'e' || str[i] == 'i' || str[i] == 'o' || str[i] == 'u' || str[i] == 'A' || str[i] == 'E' || str[i] == 'I' || str[i] == 'O' || str[i] == 'U')

```
            ++v;
```

        else if ((str[i] >= 'a' && str[i] <= 'z') || (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z'))

```
                ++c;
```

             else if (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= '9')

```
                      ++n;
```
```
                  else
```
```
                      ++s;
```
```
    }
```
```
    cout << "Number of vowels : " << v;
```

    cout << "\nNumber of consonants : " << c;

    cout << "\nNumber of numbers :" << n;

    cout << "\nNumber of special characters : " << s;

```
    return 0;
```
```
}
```

Program Explanation

1. The user is asked to enter a string. Using a string function it is stored in ‘str’.
2. Variables ‘v’, ‘c’, ‘n’, ‘s’ are initialized to count vowels, consonants, numbers and special characters respectively.
3. Using nested if else condition, if any of the characters are encountered, their respective variables are incremented.
4. The result is then printed.

Runtime Test Cases

Case 1 :
Enter a string : Welcome to the world!
Number of vowels : 6
Number of consonants : 11
Number of numbers :0
Number of special characters : 4
 
Case 2 :
Enter a string : $@nT@ (L@u& 24
Number of vowels : 1
Number of consonants : 3
Number of numbers :2
Number of special characters : 8
 
Case 3 :
Enter a string : 63M5/888s
Number of vowels : 0
Number of consonants : 2
Number of numbers :6
Number of special characters : 1

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