This set of Virology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Human Viral Diseases – Vaccine and Antivirals”.
1. Which of the following is not a property of an ideal vaccine?
a) It should be genetically stable
b) It should have private support
c) It should be affordable
d) It should not have any side effects
View Answer
Explanation: The properties of an ideal vaccine are: it should be genetically stable, it should be affordable, it should not cause any side effects, it should have public support and must be effective.
2. The process of producing a virus which causes a reduced amount of disease for use as a live vaccine is called ________________
a) attenuation
b) avirulent
c) virulent
d) adjuvant
View Answer
Explanation: The process of producing a virus which causes a reduced amount of disease for use as a live vaccine is called attenuation. The disease-causing virus is referred to as virulent and the attenuated strain is referred to as avirulent.
3. Which of the following vaccine contains a mutant strain of a virus that has been derived from a wild-type virulent strain?
a) Inactivated virus vaccines
b) Live recombinant virus vaccines
c) Virion subunit vaccines
d) Live attenuated virus vaccines
View Answer
Explanation: A live attenuated virus vaccine contains a mutant strain of a virus that has been derived from a wild-type virulent strain. The main advantage of this type of vaccine is that there are increasing amounts of virus antigen in the body as the virus replicates.
4. Which of the following viruses are made by the mass production of virulent viruses?
a) Inactivated virus vaccines
b) Live recombinant virus vaccines
c) Virion subunit vaccines
d) Live attenuated virus vaccines
View Answer
Explanation: Inactivated virus vaccines are made by the mass production of virulent viruses and then inactivating the infectivity. The inactivation is done usually by treatment with a chemical such as formaldehyde. It is also known as the killed virus vaccine.
5. Who developed the treatment for poliovirus?
a) Jonas Salk
b) Albert Sabin
c) Alexander Fleming
d) Edward Jenner
View Answer
Explanation: Jonas Salk developed the treatment for poliovirus and it came into use in 1955. This treatment involves suspending virions in formalin (formaldehyde solution) at 37°C for about 10 days.
6. Which of the following is used to treat rubella?
a) ZMR
b) MMR
c) RMR
d) RAR
View Answer
Explanation: MMR vaccine is used to treat the rubella virus. It is also used in the treatment of mumps and measles. The attenuated strain of these three are combined in the MMR vaccine and were all developed by Maurice Hilleman.
7. Which of the following antiviral drug is used to treat the infection from herpes simplex virus?
a) Aciclovir
b) Azidothymidine
c) Dideoxycytidine
d) Dideoxyinosine
View Answer
Explanation: Aciclovir is an antiviral drug that is used in the treatment of infection from herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is also used to treat Varicella-zoster virus. It helps in the treatment of cold sores, shingles, chickenpox, etc.
8. Which of the following is used to treat the infection from cytomegalovirus?
a) Dideoxycytidine
b) Azidothymidine
c) Ganciclovir
d) Dideoxyinosine
View Answer
Explanation: Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug that is used in the treatment of the infection caused by cytomegalovirus. Whereas azidothymidine, dideoxycytidine, and dideoxyinosine are used in the treatment of HIV-1 infections.
9. Which of the following is used in the treatment of infection from RNA viruses?
a) Zidovudine
b) Ribavirin
c) Ritonavir
d) Enfuvirtide
View Answer
Explanation: Ribavirin is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of infection from several RNA viruses like hepatitis C virus. It has also been recommended for the treatment of young children infected with the respiratory syncytial virus.
10. Lamivudine is an analog of cytidine.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Lamivudine is an analog of cytidine. It is also known as 3TC. It inhibits the reverse transcriptase, including those of HIV and HBV, usually used in the combination with other therapies to treat infections.
11. Neuraminidase is a surface protein of the influenza A virus.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Neuraminidase is an enzyme or surface present on the influenza A and B virus. It plays an important role during the final stages of virion budding from infected cells.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Virology.
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