This set of Vector Biology Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Vectors and Cloning in Gram – Positive Bacteria – 5”.
1. Before cloning in a P-MUTIN vector, the target gene is __________
a) Amplified
b) Mitigated
c) Dispersed
d) Restricted
View Answer
Explanation: An internal fragment of the target gene is amplified by the PCR and cloned in a P-MUTIN vector and the resulting plasmid is used to transform B. subtilis.
2. Upon integration into the B. subtilis vector, the target gene is __________
a) Inactivated
b) Interrupted
c) Activated
d) Excised
View Answer
Explanation: Upon integration, the target gene is interrupted and a transcriptional fusion is generated between its promoter and the reporter lacZ gene.
3. In the process of cloning with a B. subtilis vector, _________ mutants are simultaneously generated.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
View Answer
Explanation: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
4. The two mutants generated during the process of cloning are null mutation and ________ mutation.
a) Combinational
b) Conventional
c) Conditional
d) Rational
View Answer
Explanation: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
5. ________ is used to relieve the production of mutants in B. subtilis.
a) Lactose
b) Nisin
c) Galactose
d) IPTG
View Answer
Explanation: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
6. When B. subtilis is transformed, ordered assembly of ________ genes is facilitated.
a) Scarce
b) Regular
c) Dispersed
d) Interspersed
View Answer
Explanation: The mechanism whereby B. subtilis is transformed with plasmid DNA facilitates the ordered assembly of dispersed genes.
7. To form a circular plasmid for dispersed genes, intramolecular ___________ is required.
a) Attraction
b) Distraction
c) Ligation
d) Restriction
View Answer
Explanation: When different gene segments are assembled in a linear order then it is necessary to undertake intermolecular ligation. To form a circular plasmid requires intramolecular ligation.
8. What is RF?
a) Plasmid
b) Coliphage
c) Replicative form
d) Hybrid vector
View Answer
Explanation: The capsid proteins enter the cytoplasmic membrane as the viral DNA passes into the cell while being converted to a double-stranded replicative form.
9. The RF multiplies ________
a) Slowly
b) Rapidly
c) Moderately
d) Does not multiply
View Answer
Explanation: The capsid proteins enter the cytoplasmic membrane as the viral DNA passes into the cell while being converted to a double-stranded replicative form. RF replicates rapidly.
10. What happens following the morphogenesis of the cell?
a) Progeny strands release
b) DNA replication
c) Host lysis
d) Degradation
View Answer
Explanation: The progeny single strands are synthesized and released from the cell as filamentous particles the following morphogenesis at the cell membrane.
11. Dominant selectable markers can be used with __________
a) Any cell type
b) Mutant cells
c) Wild-type cells
d) Recombinant cells
View Answer
Explanation: Endogenous markers are largely superseded by so-called dominant selectable markers, which confer a phenotype that is entirely novel to the cell and can hence be used in any cell type.
12. What are dominant selectable markers?
a) Drug-resistance genes
b) Inducing genes
c) Exogenous genes
d) Endogenous genes
View Answer
Explanation: The dominant selectable markers are usually drug-resistance genes of bacterial origin and transformed cell is selected on a medium that contains the drug at an appropriate concentration.
13. Methotrexate is an analog of __________
a) Aminopterin
b) Kanamycin
c) Folic acid
d) Gentamycin
View Answer
Explanation: Methotrexate is a folic acid analog, which is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).
14. With respect to mammalian cell cloning, salmon sperm DNA can serve as a source of ____________
a) Non-specific carrier
b) Specific carrier
c) Genomic DNA
d) Plasmid DNA
View Answer
Explanation: Calcium phosphate transfection is mostly used and the specific donor DNA is often bulked with a non-specific carrier such as cleaved Salmon sperm.
15. One application in which the use of plasmid vectors is critical, in the case of mammals is ____________
a) Stable transformation
b) Transient transformation
c) Transfection
d) Transduction
View Answer
Explanation: One application in which the use of plasmid vectors is critical, in the case of mammals is transient transformation. Here the goal is to exploit the short-term persistence of extrachromosomal DNA.
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