This set of Unit Processes test focuses on “Esterification of Carboxylic acid and derivatives – II”.
1. What is formed when metal salt of an acid is heated with an alkyl halide?
a) Alcohol
b) Alkyl ester
c) Aromatic
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: When the metal salt of an acid is heated with an alkyl halide, the corresponding alkyl ester is formed.
2. What is produced on mixing sodium acetate and benzyl chloride?
a) Benzyl acetate
b) Sodium benzyl
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The manufacture of benzyl acetate from sodium acetate and benzyl chloride. Since benzyl chloride is made by chlorinating toluene, it is the most readily available benzyl compound.
3. The ester of an aliphatic acid is heated with what to produce acid?
a) Lithium
b) Calcium
c) Zinc
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: When triethyl phosphate or an ester of an aliphatic acid is heated with lithium, calcium, zinc, or ferric chloride, an alkyl halide and a salt of the acid are obtained.
4. Complete the following reaction: CH3CN + H2O + C2H5OH —–> _______ + NH3.
a) CH3COC2H5
b) CH3COOCH3
c) CH3COOC2H5
d) CH3COOH
View Answer
Explanation: If the ester of an acid corresponding to an available nitrile is desired, it may be prepared by saponifying the nitrile and then esterifying the acid in the usual way. CH3CN + H2O + C2H5OH —–> CH3COOC2H5 + NH3.
5. The nitriles of hydroxy acids are obtained by addition of CN to what?
a) Alcohol
b) Aldehyde
c) Carboxylic acid
d) Ketones
View Answer
Explanation: The nitriles of hydroxy acids, are readily obtained by the addition of hydrocyanic acid to an aldehyde. The hydroxy nitrile is readily dehydrated to acrylonitrile, from which acrylic esters generally are manufactured by alcoholysis.
6. The addition of an organic acid to an unsaturated hydrocarbon occurs in presence of what?
a) Mild base catalyst
b) Strong base catalyst
c) Mild acid catalyst
d) Strong-acid catalyst
View Answer
Explanation: The addition of an organic acid to an unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a strong-acid catalyst probably occurs through an intermediate carbonium ion.
7. The addition of carboxylic acids to isobutylene and trimethylethylene gives what type of esters?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The addition of carboxylic acids to the double bonds of isobutylene and trimethylethylene gives tertiary esters.
8. What is/are the optimum condition for the esterification of olefins by carboxylic acids?
a) Low reaction temperature
b) High concentrations of reactants
c) Large quantities of catalyst
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The optimum conditions for the esterification of olefins by carboxylic acids require low reaction temperatures, high concentrations of reactants, relatively large quantities of catalyst, and anhydrous conditions.
9. Ketene on reaction with what produce ester?
a) Alcohol
b) Aldehyde
c) Carboxylic acid
d) Ketone
View Answer
Explanation: The reaction of ketene with alcohols to produce esters is attractive, since all the ketene goes into the product and there are no by-products.
10. How is sodium or potassium xanthate purified?
a) Distillation
b) Recrystallization
c) Evaporation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The sodium or potassium xanthate may be purified by recrystallization.
11. Ethylene oxide reacts with water to form what?
a) Glycol ester
b) Glycol
c) Acid
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Ethylene oxide reacts with water to form glycol, with an alcohol to form a glycol ether, and with acetic acid to form glycol acetates.
12. In presence of what does Carbon monoxide gives an alkyl formate?
a) High temperature
b) Pressure
c) Catalyst
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Carbon monoxide unites with an alcohol at an elevated temperature and under high pressure, in the presence of a metal alkoxide, to give an alkyl formate.
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