This set of Unit Processes Questions and Answers for Entrance exams focuses on “Types of Alkylated compounds”.
1. In Alkylation, addition of which radical takes place?
a) Hydrogen
b) Halogen
c) Alkyl
d) Aromatic
View Answer
Explanation: Alkylation may be defined as the introduction of an alkyl radical by substitution or addition into an organic compound.
2. Which of the following is an alkylated compound?
a) Substitution in carbon compounds
b) Substitution in hydroxy group
c) Substitution in carbon compounds & hydroxy group
d) None of the mentioned
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Explanation: Alkylation is of six general types, depending on the linkage effected. 1. Substitution for hydrogen in carbon compounds, 2. Substitution for hydrogen in the hydroxyl group of an alcohol, 3. Substitution for hydrogen attached to nitrogen, 4. Addition of an alkyl halide or an alkyl ester to a tertiary nitrogen compound and 5. Alkyl-metallic compounds.
3. Which of the following is a type of Friedel-Crafts reaction?
a) Substitution in hydroxy group
b) Substitution in carbon compounds
c) Addition of an alkyl halide
d) Alkyl-metallic compounds
View Answer
Explanation: Substitution for hydrogen in carbon compounds. This is nuclear alkylation when an aromatic hydrogen is substituted. The carbon of the alkyl is bound to carbon of either aliphatic or aromatic compounds. This is carbon-to-carbon alkylation and includes the alkylations hereto classified under the Friedel-Crafts reaction.
4. When an alkyl is bound to trivalent nitrogen, this comes under which type of alkylation?
a) Substitution of Carbon
b) Substitution to nitrogen
c) Alkyl-metallic compounds
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Substitution for hydrogen attached to nitrogen. Here the alkyl is bound to trivalent nitrogen.
5. Miscellaneous alkylations, includes bonding to what?
a) Sulphur
b) Lithium
c) Germanium
d) All of the mentioned
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Explanation: Miscellaneous alkylations. In mercaptans, the alkyl group is bound to sulphur; in the alkyl silanes, it is bound to silicon. There are many other miscellaneous alkylations, e.g., involving bonding to lithium, boron, phosphorus, germanium, thallium, selenium, etc.
6. Alkylation is used to produce what type products?
a) Anesthetics
b) Antipyretics
c) Alkaloids
d) All of the mentioned
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Explanation: The products obtained as a result of alkylation shows that this unit process is used in the making of anesthetics, antipyretics, alkaloids, antiseptics, detergents, dyes, explosives, flavour’s, hypnotics, intermediates, lubricants, medicinal, perfumes, photographic chemicals, plasticizers, plastics, resins, synthetic rubber, rubber chemicals (accelerators, antioxidants, modifiers, stabilizers), solvents, soporifics, synthetic gasoline, etc.
7. Alkylated compounds cannot be synthesized.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In the field of solvents, many new alkylated compounds have been synthesized, these being principally complex ethers of ethylene glycol, e.g., ethylene glycol ethyl ether and diethylene dioxide, or p-dioxane.
8. Alkylation plays an important role in the production of synthetic rubber.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Alkylation plays an important role in the production of synthetic rubber of the GR-S type, this unit process being employed for the preparation of ethylbenzene from which stynme is derived.
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