This set of Basic Petroleum Production Operations Questions and Answers focuses on “Primary Cementing – Displacement Mechanics”.
1. The finite force required to initiate the flow of a fluid is known as ____
a) Plastic Viscosity
b) Viscosity
c) Yield Point
d) Stress Point
View Answer
Explanation: The finite force required to initiate the flow of a fluid is known as Yield Point. Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to its gradual deformation. It plays a vital role in the fluid flow mechanism.
2. What is Contact time?
a) It is the time takes for the cement column to move past any point in the annulus in laminar flow condition
b) It is the time takes for the cement column to move past any point in the annulus in turbulent flow condition
c) It is the time takes for the cement column to move past any point in the annulus in laminar or turbulent flow condition
d) It is the contact time of the cement and the annulus
View Answer
Explanation: Contact time is the time it takes for the cement column to move past any point in the annulus in a turbulent flow condition. Contact time is less effective in laminar flow conditions.
3. What is Plastic Viscosity?
a) The constant viscosity which arises after the yield point with increasing shear rate
b) The variable viscosity which arises after the yield point with increasing shear rate
c) The constant viscosity which arises before the yield point with decreasing the shear rate
d) The variable viscosity which arises after the yield point with decreasing the shear rate
View Answer
Explanation: Plastic Viscosity is the constant viscosity which arises after the yield point with increasing shear rate. The equation of stress is Stress= Plastic Viscosity* shear rate + yield point.
4. A rotational viscometer containing a non-Newtonian fluid gives a dial reading of 14 at a rotor speed of 300 rpm and a dial reading of 24 at a rotor speed of 600 rpm. Which of the following is the correct rheological model of this fluid considering the Bingham model?
a) μp =8 cp, τy=8 lbf/100 ft2
b) μp =12 cp, τy=8 lbf/100 ft2
c) μp =10 cp, τy=4 lbf/100 ft2
d) μp =8 cp, τy=16 lbf/100 ft2
View Answer
Explanation: The Plastic Viscosity can be calculated by using the formula μp= θ600– θ300, here μp =24-14=10 cp and the yield stress can be calculated by using, τy= θ300– μp =14-10= 4 lbf/100 ft2.
5. Class B cement is not resistant to sulfate attack.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The statement is wrong. In general Class B cement is resistant to sulfate attack. So it is a very important specification of that class of cement to cement in corrosive zones.
6. API Class C cement is known as High Early cement.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: API Class C cement is known as High Early cement. It has a higher compressive strength than API class A cement. Class C cement is only available in some limited areas.
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