This set of Molecular Biology Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Methylation of Eukaryotic DNA Controls Gene Expression – 2”.
1. The CpG islands generally consist of how many GC bases?
a) 100
b) Less than 100
c) More than 1000
d) 1000
View Answer
Explanation: At certain sites, CpG dinucleotide occurs at a higher frequency and is referred to as CpG islands. CpG islands are approximately 1000 bases long and show an elevated G+C base composition.
2. In humans CpG islands are generally located in the ____________
a) Operator region
b) Promoter region
c) Transcript region
d) Terminator region
View Answer
Explanation: CpG islands are often associated with the transcription start site, that is, the promoter region. About 60% of human genes have CpG islands at their promoter regions.
3. The Intergenic CpGs are more commonly methylated than in the intragenetic region.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: CpG islands in the genome are located in both intragenic and intergenic regions. In vertebrates over 80% of the methylated cytosine residues are found in the intragenetic regions. In contrast CpGs within the CpG islands are generally either not methylated or have relatively low levels of methylation.
4. Major methylation of CpG islands does not include?
a) Operator
b) Terminator
c) Introns
d) Enhancer
View Answer
Explanation: The methylation of the genome is persistent throughout and is missing only in regions such as CpG islands within the promoter and enhancer regions. Methylation in these two regions may lead to the silencing of the gene itself.
5. De-novo methylation leads to the phenomenon of genetic imprinting in the offspring.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Maintenance methylation leads to the phenomenon of genetic imprinting in the offspring. This phenomenon controls the expression of certain genes involved in the development of mammalian embryos.
6. Both the imprinted genes inherited from either parent are expressed in an offspring.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In an offspring only one of the imprinted genes inherited from either parent is expressed. This phenomenon is known as allelic exclusion.
7. The phenomenon of allelic exclusion leads to the inactivation of one allele of a gene. The active allele is known as ____________
a) Homozygote
b) Homolog
c) Hemizygote
d) Hemilog
View Answer
Explanation: In the phenomenon of allelic exclusion the active allele is known as hemizygote. And the phenomenon that is exhibited by it is known as functional hemizygosity.
8. Gene of which of the following protein/enzyme/hormone is an example of paternal Hemizygote?
a) Igf-1
b) Igf-2
c) β-globin
d) Insulin
View Answer
Explanation: An example of an imprinted gene in mammals is insulin like growth factor 2 or Igf-2 which encodes a growth factor. Only the paternal copy of the Igf-2 gene is transcribed and is not expressed from the maternally inherited chromosome.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Molecular Biology.
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