This set of Life Sciences Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Mitochondria”.
1. The site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells is___________
a) Peroxisome
b) Plastid
c) Mitochondria
d) Cilia
View Answer
Explanation: In general, mitochondria are present nearly all eukaryotic cells and known as the power house of the cell. It acts as the site of aerobic respiration and produces cellular energy in the form of ATP.
2. The inner membrane of mitochondria is fairly smooth.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The inner membrane of mitochondria is highly convoluted while its outer membrane is fairly smooth. These convoluted folds are also called cristae which make the membrane impermeable to many solutes and increase its surface area.
3. How do the small molecules pass through the outer membrane of mitochondria?
a) ATP pump
b) Carrier protein
c) Channels
d) Porins
View Answer
Explanation: Mitochondrial porins are voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDAC). Being present on the outer membrane of mitochondria it allows small molecules to pass.
4. Which of the following division technique is similar in mitochondria and bacteria?
a) Binary fission
b) Budding
c) Binary fusion
d) Meiosis
View Answer
Explanation: Mitochondria are semi-self-ruling organelle and separation by binary fission simply like bacteria. This similarity between bacteria and mitochondria suggest that it evolved from bacteria and is proved by endosymbiotic theory.
5. Which of the following is INCORRECT evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?
a) Mitochondria are self-repeating bodies like microscopic organisms
b) Mitochondria have their own particular DNA
c) Mitochondrial ribosomes, and enzymes are similar to the bacteria
d) Mitochondria and bacteria differ in size
View Answer
Explanation: Endosymbiotic theory had supported the fact that mitochondria have evolved in eukaryotes by the symbiotic association of bacteria. Mitochondria and bacteria differ in size is incorrect as the size of mitochondria and bacteria is approximately same.
6. Name the organelle which is used for aerobic respiration and ATP synthesis in Entamoeba histolytica.
a) Hydrogenosome
b) Mitochondria
c) Mitosome
d) Peroxisome
View Answer
Explanation: Mitosomes are originated from mitochondria and is present only in aerobic organisms that do not have mitochondria. These are double-membrane bound organelle which is mainly found in unicellular organisms.
7. Which of these are not from plastid family?
a) Chloroplast
b) Tonoplast
c) Chromoplast
d) Leucoplast
View Answer
Explanation: Tonoplast is an outer membrane of vacuoles while chloroplast, chromoplast, and leucoplast belong to plastid family. The chloroplast is considered a most important member of the family as it helps in photosynthesis.
8. Which of the following is responsible for pigment synthesis and storage?
a) Leucoplast
b) Chloroplast
c) Chromoplast
d) Etioplast
View Answer
Explanation: Chromoplast is well-off in carotenoids which are accountable for orange, yellow, or red color in many fruits and flowers.
9. Which class of leucoplast is responsible for fat storage?
a) Amyloplast
b) Proteinoplasts
c) Aleuroplasts
d) Elaioplasts
View Answer
Explanation: Leucoplast is colourless or non-pigmented in nature and is used to for storage. Amyloplast store starch, proteinoplast, and Aleuroplast store and modify proteins.
10. Name the plant organelle which acts as a major site for an oxidative reaction?
a) Peroxisomes
b) Mitochondria
c) Chloroplast
d) Thylakoid
View Answer
Explanation: Major oxidative reaction site in mammals and plants is peroxisomes, where beta-oxidation takes place. However, beta-oxidation in mammals can occur in mitochondria also while in plants, this is exclusively found in peroxisomes.
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