This set of Life Sciences Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Lysosome”.
1. Which of the following organelle control intracellular digestion of macromolecules with the help of hydrolytic enzymes?
a) Plastid
b) Peroxisome
c) Lysosome
d) Actin
View Answer
Explanation: Lysosomes are membrane-bound compartment filled with hydrolytic enzymes which control intracellular digestion in the macromolecules. It contains about 40 types of different hydrolytic enzymes.
2. pH of the lysosome is acidic in nature.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The acidic nature of lysosome is maintained by a hydrogen pump in the lysosomal membrane which pumps hydrogen ion into lysosome and maintains pH of about 5.0 in its interior.
3. Which of these are not the hydrolytic enzymes of lysosome?
a) Lipases
b) Sulfatases
c) Phosphatases
d) Aldolase
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Explanation: Lysosomes contain 40 types of hydrolytic enzymes which include lipases, sulphatases, phosphatases, glycosidases etc. These enzymes work optimally in the acidic environment and the lysosome provides an acidic environment for these enzymes.
4. Digestion of cell’s own component is known as__________
a) Autophagy
b) Heterophagy
c) Phagocytosis
d) Pinocytosis
View Answer
Explanation: Autophagy is the process of self-digestion, autophagic vacuoles contain cells own components, known as autophagosome which further fuse to the lysosome where digestion of components takes place.
5. What is amphisome?
a) Early endosome
b) Fusion of endosome and autophagosome
c) Vacuole
d) The bigger size of lysosome
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Explanation: Amphisome is formed when autophagosome fused with the endosomes. This amphisome further fused with lysosome for digestion. It will result in the release of macromolecules into the cytosol.
6. The release of melanosomes from melanocytes is mediated by which of the following process?
a) Autophagy
b) Endocytosis
c) Exocytosis
d) Pinocytosis
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Explanation: In the condition of stress, cell releases undigested content by exocytosis of lysosomes. It is a minor pathway. Melanocyte in skin stores its pigment in lysosomes which releases it into the extracellular space of the epidermis.
7. Name the single membrane which surrounded the vacuoles?
a) Contractile vacuole
b) Meninges
c) Tonoplast
d) Sarcolemma
View Answer
Explanation: Vacuoles are large, fluid-filled vesicles, present in most of the plants and fungal cells. These are surrounded by a single-membrane called tonoplast.
8. Which of the following organelle works as a lysosome in the plants?
a) Contractile vacuole
b) Peroxisome
c) Plastid
d) Vacuole
View Answer
Explanation: Like a lysosome in animal cells, vacuoles are present in plants and fungi contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes. The pH of vacuole is also acidic and is maintained by transport protein in the vacuolar membrane.
9. Which of the following pumps excess water out of the cell?
a) Contractile vacuole
b) Lysosome
c) Peroxisome
d) Vacuoles
View Answer
Explanation: Contractile vacuole is different from vacuoles as it helps in osmoregulation. It is mainly found in protists and is used to pump excess water out of the cell.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Life Sciences.
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