Java sin() Function - Sanfoundry

This is the Java Program to Implement the sin() Function (approximately).

Problem Description

Given an angle say x, in degrees find out the sine of the angle approximately.

Problem Solution

The sine of an angle x can be calculated using the following equation

sin x = x – (x³)/3! + (x⁵)/5! – (x⁷)/7! + ….. = Summation ((-1)ⁿ* x⁽²ⁿ⁺¹⁾/(2n+1)!) for n = 0 to n = infinity.

Note: In the series, x is in radians.

Program/Source Code

Here is the source code of the Java Program to Implement the cos() Function(approximately). The program is successfully compiled and tested using IDE IntelliJ Idea in Windows 7. The program output is also shown below.

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```

// Java Program to Implement the cos() Function(approximately)

```
 
```
```
import java.io.BufferedReader;
```
```
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
```
```
 
```
```
public class Sine {
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    // Function to calculate and display sine of an angle

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

```
        double x;
```
```
        try {
```

            System.out.println("Enter the angle whose sine is to be

                                             calculated in degrees");

            x = Double.parseDouble(br.readLine());

```
        } catch (Exception e) {
```

            System.out.println("An error occurred");

```
            return;
```
```
        }
```
```
        double y;
```
```
        y = x*Math.PI/180;
```
```
        int n = 10;
```
```
        int i,j,fac;
```
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        double sine = 0;
```
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        for(i=0; i<=n; i++){
```
```
            fac = 1;
```
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            for(j=2; j<=2*i+1; j++){
```
```
                fac*=j;
```
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            }
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            sine+=Math.pow(-1.0,i)*Math.pow(y,2*i+1)/fac;

```
        }
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        System.out.format("The sine of " + x + " is %f",sine);

```
    }
```
```
}
```

Program Explanation

1. In function main(), firstly the angle is entered in degrees and it is converted into radians.
2. The loop for(i=0; i<=n; i++) is used to calculate the ith term of the series.
3. The nested loop for(j=2; j<=2*i+1; j++) is used to calculate the factorial of 2i+1.
4. Finally, the ith term is added to the variable sine.

Time Complexity: O(1).

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Runtime Test Cases

 
Case 1 (Simple Test Case):
 
Enter the angle whose sine is to be calculated in degrees
30
The sine of 30.0 is 0.500000
 
Case 2 (Simple Test Case - another example):
 
Enter the angle whose sine is to be calculated in degrees
60
The sine of 60.0 is 0.866025

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