This set of Irrigation Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Techniques of Water Distribution in the Farms”.
1. What type of irrigation method is also called as trickle irrigation?
a) Sprinkler Irrigation Method
b) Furrow Irrigation Method
c) Drip Irrigation Method
d) Check Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: In this type of method, it involves laying a system of head, mains, sub-mains, laterals, and drip nozzles. From these nozzles, water oozes or trickles out at a small rate into the plant roots area. Hence the name trickle irrigation method.
2. Drip irrigation method is a type of lift irrigation system.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: This method of irrigation contains a pump to lift water so as to maintain a desired pressure, for ensuring proper flow of water through the system.so, as it contains a mechanical means to supply water, it comes under lift irrigation system.
3. What is the quality of a good irrigation method from the following?
a) Soil Erosion
b) Drainage Troubles
c) Leached Fertilizers
d) Increased Yield
View Answer
Explanation: Because good irrigation has uniform water distribution for both light irrigation and heavy irrigation. It also reduces conveyance and labor losses. It also facilitates mechanized farming. So, these advantages lead to increased yield.
4. In which type of irrigation method wasteful use of water happens?
a) Wild Flooding
b) Check Flooding
c) Furrow Method
d) Free Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: This type of method is used in an inundation irrigation system in which water is forced to spread or flooded on a flat land, without much control or prior preparation. This leads to wasteful use of water.
5. Which type of irrigation method can be used for both flat lands and relatively steep lands?
a) Free Flooding
b) Basin Flooding
c) Furrow Method
d) Drip Irrigation Method
View Answer
Explanation: Irrigation by this type of method is done, by dividing the entire land to be irrigated into a number strips called laterals. These laterals may be perpendicular to the sides of the field or perpendicular to the contour lines. So, as this method uses contour lines of field it is suitable for both flat lands and steep lands.
6. Which type of irrigation method uses supply ditch, borders, ridges?
a) Border Flooding
b) Check Flooding
c) Basin Flooding
d) Drip Irrigation Method
View Answer
Explanation: This type of method uses borders to divide the land into strips of with 10 to 20 meters, 100 to 400 meters in length each. Ridges are provided between borders so as to prevent overtopping during irrigation. Supply ditches run perpendicular to borders either on one side of the field to provide water for irrigation.
7. What type of irrigation does this diagram represent?
a) Border Flooding
b) Basin Flooding
c) Drip Irrigation Method
d) Check Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: By looking at the diagram we can see the basins provided for the trees, main ditch, subsidiary ditches in a particular field. These are essential parts of basin flooding, whereas other methods do not contain basins, and trees in their irrigation procedure.
8. What kind of irrigation method uses artificial rain to irrigate the land?
a) Sprinkler Irrigation Method
b) Drip Irrigation Method
c) Furrow Method
d) Border Irrigation Method
View Answer
Explanation: In this method, water is applied to the field through a network of pipes connected to sprinklers of different types, and through these sprinklers, water comes out as artificial rain and waters the crops in the field.
9. What type of irrigation method is considered as the most advantageous method?
a) Drip Irrigation Method
b) Sprinkler Irrigation Method
c) Furrow Irrigation Method
d) Border flooding
View Answer
Explanation: This type of method can be used for any kind of crops, for all kinds of soils, and for widely different topographies and slopes. It can also be used in places of low or scarce availability of water, and also where water table is high. So, therefore it is the most advantageous method.
10. With what type of mounting does a sprinkler irrigation network give the best results?
a) Revolving Sprinkler Heads
b) Nozzles
c) Open Pipes
d) Pipes with holes near the crop
View Answer
Explanation: Generally in sprinkler irrigation system water flows with pressure in the pipes. So, sometimes the pressure may be low or high depending upon the water availability, and crop requirement. So, revolving sprinkler heads are mounted upon these rising pipes because these sprinklers can work under both high and low pressures.
11. What type of irrigation method does this diagram represent?
a) Contour Farming
b) Furrow Method
c) Border Flooding
d) Free Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: This is a type of surface irrigation method. This method is mainly used in hilly areas having steep slopes with quickly falling contours. The area is divided into longitudinal curved plots called terrace with a dividing between them, contour bunds. The water flows between the bunds from higher ground to terrace, thus irrigating the crops.
12. Furrows of 150 m long and 2 m apart, have longitudinal slope of 0.5 percent are initially irrigated by non-erosive stream for 100 minutes. The stream size is reduced to 50% and continued for another 40 minutes. Determine the average depth of irrigation.
a) 50.34 mm
b) 43.56 mm
c) 47.58 mm
d) 43.84 mm
View Answer
Explanation: Given L = 150 m and W = 2 m and s = 0.5%
Now we have qm = 0.6/s = 0.6/0.5 = 1.2 lps
Now q = 0.4qm = 0.4×1.2 = 0.48 lps
Average depth of water applied
= (2 x 100 x 60 + 0.48 x 40 x 60) / 1000 x (1 / 300) x 1000
= (12+1.152) / 300 x 1000
= 43.84 mm.
13. In which type of irrigation method the entire land is not wetted?
a) Furrow Method
b) Free Flooding
c) Contour Farming
d) Basin Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: In this method only one half to one fifth of the surface of land is wetted so as to reduce the evaporation losses. In other methods, evaporation losses cannot be controlled properly.
14. In which irrigation method levees are provided along the contours?
a) Check Flooding
b) Free Flooding
c) Contour Farming
d) Basin Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: This method is a type of ordinary flooding except water is controlled by surrounding the plots into which is divided by low and flat levees. These levees are constructed along the contours and have vertical interval of 5 to 10 cm.
15. In which method of flooding, does the water take circuitous route to irrigate the land?
a) Check Flooding
b) Zigzag Flooding
c) Free Flooding
d) Basin Flooding
View Answer
Explanation: In this method, the entire land is divided into square or rectangular plots, which are subdivided with help of low bunds or levees. So, therefore the water which comes from the main ditch takes a circuitous route in each plot to irrigate the land. This is done to control the velocity of the flow of water.
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