Irrigation Engineering Questions and Answers – Energy Dissipation Below Overflow Spillway – 2

This set of Irrigation Engineering Quiz focuses on “Energy Dissipation Below Overflow Spillway – 2”.

1. A troublesome and oscillating hydraulic jump is normally met in cases of _____________
a) weirs and barrages
b) overflow spillways of dams
c) weirs
d) large spillways
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: When the Froude number lies in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, the jump is troublesome and oscillating as in case of weirs and barrages. There is an oscillating jet entering the jump bottom to the surface and back again which produces a large wave of irregular period doing unlimited damage.

2. A very steady and stable hydraulic jump is usually formed in the flows involving the approaching Froude number in the range of _____________________
a) less than 2.5
b) 2.5 to 4.5
c) 4.5 to 9.0
d) more than 9.0
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: When the Froude number is in the range of 4.5 to 9.0, the jump performs at its best and is called steady jump. The length of the jump is almost constant and equal to 6 y2 where y2 is the post jump depth. The dissipation of energy ranges from 45 to 70%.

3. Standard USBR stilling basin-II is useful for energy dissipation at the bottom of the overflow structure, if the approaching Froude number is ________________
a) less than 4.5
b) more than 4.5
c) less than 2.5
d) more than 2.5
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: USBR has standardized stilling basins for different Froude numbers. USBR stilling basin- II is recommended for large structures when the Froude number is more than 4.5. The dissipation of energy will be 45 to 85%.
advertisement
advertisement

4. When the Froude number is in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, the jump is ____________________
a) weak and energy loss is low
b) troublesome and oscillating
c) steady jump
d) strong jump
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: When the Froude number is in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, the jump is troublesome and oscillating. This gives rise to the heavy waves on the surface and wave suppressors are needed in this range.

5. Which of the following stilling basin is applicable to only rectangular cross-sections?
a) U.S.B.R stilling basin-II
b) U.S.B.R stilling basin-IV
c) U.S.B.R stilling basin-I
d) U.S.B.R stilling basin-III
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: USBR stilling basin-IV is used for Froude number varying between 2.5 and 4.5 which generally occurs in canal weirs, canal falls, diversion dams, etc. They are tried to be controlled by providing large chute blocks since oscillating waves are generated in this range. This is applicable only to rectangular cross-sections.
Sanfoundry Certification Contest of the Month is Live. 100+ Subjects. Participate Now!

6. The Froude number of a hydraulic jump is 5.5. The jump can be classified as ____________
a) a weak jump
b) an oscillating jump
c) rough and choppy jump
d) steady jump
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: When the Froude number is in the range of 4.5 to 9.0, the jump is steady. This is generally the case of dams and spillways. The oscillating jump occurs between the range of 2.5 to 4.5 and when Froude number is less than 2.5, the jump is weak and when it is more than 9.0, the jump is rough and choppy.

7. Standard stilling basin is provided at the toe of a dam spillway for energy dissipation is usually provided with auxiliary devices like chute blocks and dentated sills for the basic purpose of reducing the length of the stilling basin from about ________________
a) 6 y2 to 4 y2
b) 4 y2 to 2 y2
c) 6 y2 to 2 y2
d) 3 y2 to y2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In the case of dams and spillways, the jump is steady and the length of the jump is almost constant and is equal to 6 y2 where y2 is the post jump depth. The length of the basin is related to Froude number as the economy in the length of the basin up to about 35% i.e. 4.3 y2 is thus obtained for auxiliary devices.
advertisement

8. In the case of dam spillways, the approaching Froude number usually lies in the range of __________
a) less than 2.5 m
b) 2.5 – 4.5
c) 4.5 – 9.0
d) more than 9.0
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Froude number varying between 2.5 and 4.5 generally occurs in canal weirs, canal falls, diversion dams, etc. For dams and spillways, the Froude number is in between 4.5 and 9.0 i.e. steady jump and the jump is well balanced.

9. _____________________ are suitable only for low spillways or weirs.
a) Chute blocks
b) Sloping aprons
c) Baffle wall or friction blocks
d) Roller buckets
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Baffle piers or walls are blocks placed within the basin across the basin floor and they help in breaking the flow and dissipate the energy mostly by the impact. They generally give away under high-velocity jets due to their cavitation effects. It is unsuitable for large works.
advertisement

10. Which of the following helps in dissipating the residual energy and to reduce the length of the jump or the basin?
a) Dentated sills
b) Chute blocks
c) Roller bucket
d) Baffle piers
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Chute blocks help in stabilizing the flow and thus improve the jump performance. Baffle piers help in breaking the flow and dissipate energy mostly by the impact. Dentated sills are generally provided at the end of the stilling basin and diffuse the residual portion of high-velocity jet reaching the end of the basin.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Irrigation Engineering.

To practice all areas of Irrigation Engineering for Quizzes, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]

advertisement
advertisement
Subscribe to our Newsletters (Subject-wise). Participate in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit. Join our social networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and jobs!

Youtube | Telegram | LinkedIn | Instagram | Facebook | Twitter | Pinterest
Manish Bhojasia - Founder & CTO at Sanfoundry
Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

Subscribe to his free Masterclasses at Youtube & discussions at Telegram SanfoundryClasses.