This set of Irrigation Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Hydraulic Jump”.
1. When the depth is small, the name for the jump?
a) Undular Jump
b) Direct Jump
c) Strong Jump
d) Oscillating Jump
View Answer
Explanation: Whenever the jump is small the water shall not rise suddenly but will pass through a number of undulations.
2. When the change in depth is large, then the jump is said to be direct jump.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In certain cases when the jump is high, then the difference in a jump is large and it occurs suddenly or abruptly.
3. For what limits of Froude number, the jump is said to be weak jump?
a) 1.1 to 2.4
b) 1.9 to 2.9
c) 1.5 to 2.2
d) 1.7 to 2.5
View Answer
Explanation: According to Froude number from 1.7 to 2.5 a series of rollers develop on the surface of the jump, but at the downstream side the surface is smooth. The energy loss is low and a uniform velocity is maintained. The jump under these conditions is called a weak jump.
4. For the value of Froude number 9 the jump is said to be strong jump.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Explanation: When the value of Froude number is 9 or more, then the energy dissipation reaches up to 85% in the flow. The jump under this condition is called strong jump.
5. How many assumptions are made for the derivation of momentum formula?
a) 6
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
View Answer
Explanation: For the derivation of momentum formula four assumptions are made. Namely, the jump happens abruptly, friction is negligible, bed is horizontal, and flow is streamlined.
6. Depending upon the Froude number, into how many groups the jumps are classified?
a) 8
b) 6
c) 7
d) 4
View Answer
Explanation: According the values of Froude number (F1) the jumps are classified into six groups. Namely, no jump for F1 = 1, for F1 = 1 to 1.7 the jump is undular jump, for F1 = 1.7 to 2.5 the jump is weak jump, for F1 = 2.5 to 4.5 the jump is oscillating jump, for F1 = 4.5 to 9 the jump is steady jump, and for F1 = 9 or above the jump is strong jump.
7. On which surface the energy dissipation is less efficient?
a) Horizontal Bed
b) Freeboard
c) Level Floor
d) Sloping Glacis
View Answer
Explanation: On sloping glacis, there is less energy dissipation because the vertical component of velocity remains intact. And when a jump happens only the horizontal component of velocity impact the glacis and vertical component remains unaffected.
8. The length of the jump is how times the height of the jump?
a) 3
b) 5
c) 2
d) 4
View Answer
Explanation: Generally the length of the hydraulic jump is calculated in a region where there is a heavy turbulence and it is found to be five times the height of the jump.
9. In what limits the slopes of the glacis are provided?
a) 2:1 to 5:1
b) 3:1 to 4:1
c) 5:2 to 6:2
d) 4:3 to 7:5
View Answer
Explanation: The jump is made to happen on the glacis itself because the glacis is taken as a horizontal bed and this makes the position of the jump on the glacis a definite although it is less efficient. So, to make it happen the glacis is provided with the slope from 2:1 to 5:1.
10. For what value of Froude number the jump is steady jump?
a) F1 = 1
b) F1 = 1.7 to 4.5
c) F1 = 4.5 to 9
d) F1 = 9
View Answer
Explanation: For the value of Froude number from 4.5 to 9, when the performance of the jump is best, when the jump is well balanced and the energy dissipation is from 45 to 70%, then the jump is called a steady jump.
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