This set of Hazardous Waste Management Quiz focuses on “Landmark Episode – Polychlorinated Biphenyl Disasters”.
1. When did US Congress ban use of PCBs?
a) 1980
b) 1978
c) 1982
d) 1983
View Answer
Explanation: Under TSCA, Congress in large part banned the manufacturing, processing, distribution, and use of PCBs after January 1, 1978 due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment.
2. When did Yusho PCBs poisoning occur?
a) 1980
b) 1978
c) 1968
d) 1983
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Explanation: Yusho PCBs poisoning occurred in 1968 and the patients have been suffering from various symptoms since 35 years.
3. When was PCBs prohibited in Japan?
a) 1980
b) 1978
c) 1972
d) 1983
View Answer
Explanation: Because PCBs were disclosed to be toxic and accumulative in the environment and human, production and usage of PCBs were all prohibited in Japan in 1972.
4. What was the per person intake of PCBs in Japan in 1972?
a) 40–60µg
b) 40–50µg
c) 40–70µg
d) 40–72µg
View Answer
Explanation: Japanese daily intakes of PCBs were estimated to be 40–72µg per person in 1972 and daily intakes of dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQ) were calculated to be 0.5–3.5 pg/kg/day.
5. When did rice of PCBs poisoning occur in Taiwan?
a) 1980
b) 1979
c) 1972
d) 1983
View Answer
Explanation: Rice oil PCBs poisoning called Yucheng occurred in Taiwan in 1979, eleven years after the Yusho PCB poisoning.
6. What is the TDI of TDQ established in 1996?
a) 5 pg/kg/day
b) 10 pg/kg/day
c) 15 pg/kg/day
d) 20 pg/kg/day
View Answer
Explanation: Tolerable daily intake (TDI) of TEQ, 10 pg/kg/day, was established in 1996 by Ministry of Health and Welfare.
7. Which among the following is the Yusho symptoms?
a) Dizziness
b) Ataxia
c) Acneiform eruption
d) Choking
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Explanation: Yusho symptoms includes acneiform eruption, dermal pigmentation, and increased eye discharge.
8. Pyrolysis of PCBs and chlorinated benzene at high temperatures produced PCDFs.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Pyrolysis of PCBs and chlorinated benzene at high temperatures produced polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs).
9. What is the PCB route of exposure for children?
a) Breast milk
b) Air
c) Water
d) Soil
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Explanation: Route of PCB exposure for children is ingestion of foods containing PCBs, including fish and other foods, and human breast milk.
10. Acute high dose exposure to PCBs resulted in ________
a) Dizziness
b) Ataxia
c) Acneiform eruption
d) Chloracne
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Explanation: Acute high dose exposure to PCBs resulted in chloracne (distinctive skin lesions) in children and adults, which can be severe and disfiguring lesions and persist from 1 year to permanently.
11. Chronic PCBs exposure has been associated with _______
a) Dizziness
b) Low birth rate
c) Acneiform eruption
d) Chloracne
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Explanation: In adult males chronic PCB exposure has been associated with decreased sperm integrity or sperm counts and in feamles increased cord blood PCB concentrations were significantly associated with lower birth weight.
12. PCBs are classified by the U.S. EPA as _______ carcinogens.
a) A1
b) A2
c) B1
d) B2
View Answer
Explanation: PCBs are classified by the U.S. EPA as B2 probable human carcinogens, based on liver tumors in adult rats.
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