This set of Fluid Mechanics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Relation between Water Surface Slopes and Channel Bottom Slopes”.
1. A slope based on the culvert bottom is called______
a) Hydraulic slope
b) Hydraulic curve
c) Adverse slope
d) Horizontal slope
View Answer
Explanation: Hydraulic slope is defined as a slope of a culvert at a specific flow. It is classified into the hydraulic regime. It defines the type of solution generated from the gradual variation in the flow calculations.
2. A slope based on a relationship between water depth and critical depth is called_______
a) Hydraulic slope
b) Hydraulic curve
c) Adverse slope
d) Horizontal slope
View Answer
Explanation: Hydraulic curve is defined as curve that is based on the relationship of the water depth relative to the critical depth and its normal depth. Thus, the correct choice is hydraulic curve.
3. The compressible flow is assumed to be _____________
a) Isentropic
b) Adiabatic
c) Polytropic
d) Isentropic and adiabatic
View Answer
Explanation: Compressible flow is a branch of fluid mechanics that deals with different types of flow. Its main significance lies in the change in fluid density. It deals with gas dynamics. Flow is assumed to be isentropic.
4. What is the culvert bottom slope denoted as?
a) sl
b) SL
c) So
d) sL
View Answer
Explanation: Culvert bottom slope is denoted as ‘So’. The culvert bottom slope plays an important role in determining the hydraulic slope and hydraulic curve of a fluid flow in motion. It is found using appropriate inlet and outlet conditions.
5. What is the critical depth denoted as?
a) Yo
b) Yc
c) Yb
d) d
View Answer
Explanation: Critical depth is denoted as Yc. The critical depth plays an important role in determining the hydraulic slope and hydraulic curve of a fluid flow in motion. It is found using appropriate inlet and outlet conditions.
6. What is the normal depth denoted as?
a) Yo
b) Yc
c) Yb
d) Yn
View Answer
Explanation: Normal depth is denoted as Yn. The normal depth plays an important role in determining the hydraulic slope and hydraulic curve of a fluid flow in motion. It is found using appropriate inlet and outlet conditions.
7. When So is less than zero, it is called________
a) Adverse
b) Horizontal
c) Critical
d) Mild
View Answer
Explanation: When So is less than zero, it is called Adverse slopes. The flow conditions for an adverse slope is similar to that of the horizontal case in that non-existence state. Adverse slope is always negative.
8. When So is equal to zero, it is called________
a) Adverse
b) Horizontal
c) Critical
d) Mild
View Answer
Explanation: When So is equal to zero, it is called Horizontal slope. It is denoted as H. The bed slope follows the manning’s equation to solve for its normal depth. It is always equal to zero.
9. When Yo = Yc, it is called ________
a) Adverse
b) Horizontal
c) Critical
d) Mild
View Answer
Explanation: When Yo= Yc, it is called a Critical slope. Critical slopes are denoted by the letter ‘c’. Critical slopes like the other slopes have three depth zones that help to determine the water surface flow.
10. When Yn > Yc and So > 0, it is called a _____
a) Adverse
b) Horizontal
c) Critical
d) Mild
View Answer
Explanation: When Yn > Yc and So > 0, it is called a mild slope. Mild slope is denoted by ‘M’. This is a bed slope that has 3 zones with a different set of conditions. This slope occurs most commonly in the back water curve.
11. When So > 0 and Yn < Yc, it is called as_______
a) Adverse
b) Horizontal
c) Critical
d) Steep
View Answer
Explanation: When the slopes have a condition of So > 0 and Yn < Yc, it is called as steep slope. It is denoted as ‘S’. Steep slope is classified into three zones. These zone are differentiated depending on their conditions and properties.
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