# Finite Element Method Questions and Answers – One Dimensional Problems – Temperature Effects

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This set of Finite Element Method Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “One Dimensional Problems – Temperature Effects”.

1. With temperature effect which will vary linearly?
b) Potential energy
d) Kinematic energy

Explanation: Temperature is a variant which varies from one point to another point. It has adverse effects on different structures. By temperature effect Vertical stress load vary linearly.

2. α means ____
a) Co-efficient of thermal expansion
b) Co-efficient of linear expansion
c) Thermal expansion
d) Thermal effect

Explanation: The co-efficient of thermal expansion describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature. Specifically, it measures the fractional change in size per degree change in temperature at constant pressure. It is denoted by symbol α.

3. In temperature effect, initial strain, ε0= ____
a) α ΔT
b) α+ΔT
c) α-ΔT

Explanation: Strain is relative change in shape or size of an object due to externally applied forces. Temperature is a variant which varies from one point to another point. In temperature effect of FEM, Initial strain ε0=α ΔT.

4. In a structure, a crack is formed as a result of ______
a) Thermal expansion
b) Thermo couple
c) Thermal strain
d) Thermal stress

Explanation: Thermal stress is caused by differences in temperature or by differences in thermal expansion. A crack formed as a result of Thermal stress produced by rapid cooling from a high temperature.

5. In the given diagram, the line indicates ____________

a) Stress relation
b) Strain relation
c) Stress – strain relation
d) Undefined

Explanation: Stress is physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continues material exert on each other. While, strain is the measure of deformation of the material. In the given diagram, the line indicates Stress-strain relation.

6. Stress – strain relation is given as _____
a) σ=E
b) σ=Eε
c) σ=E(ε-ε0)
d) Undefined

Explanation: Stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other, while strain is the measure of the deformation of the material. Stress- strain relation is given as
σ=E(ε-ε0).

7. Strain energy per unit volume is ___
a) u0=E(ε-ε0)
b) u0=$$\frac{1}{2}$$E(ε-ε0)
c) Non symmetric
d) Specified displacement

Explanation: Energy stored in a body due to deformation is called Strain energy. The strain energy per unit volume is called strain energy density and the area under the stress strain curve towards the point is deformation. Strain energy per unit volume is
u0=$$\frac{1}{2}$$E(ε-ε0)

8. Temperature change is denoted as_____
a) ΔT=(T2-T1)
b) θe
c) le
d) Ae

Explanation: Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. Adding heat to system causes temperature rise. In Finite element analysis temperature is denoted as θe.

9. θe=$$\frac{E_eA_el_e\alpha\Delta T}{x_2-x_1}\begin{Bmatrix}-1 \\ 1 \end{Bmatrix}$$ is the temperature effect.
a) True
b) False

Explanation: Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. Adding heat to system causes its temperature to rise. Temperature effect describes that how much of temperature is rised in body when load is applied. Temperature effect formula is as shown
θe=$$\frac{E_eA_el_e\alpha\Delta T}{x_2-x_1}\begin{Bmatrix}-1 \\ 1 \end{Bmatrix}$$.

10. Stress in each element is ____
a) Eliminated
b) σ=EBq
c) σ=αΔT
d) σ=E(Bq-αΔT)