This set of Enzyme Technology written test Questions & Answers focuses on “Application of Biosensors – 2”.
1. In agriculture, biosensors have not been used for which of the following?
a) Detection of plant neutrients
b) Detect fertilizers
c) Detect toxic compounds
d) Detection pesticides
View Answer
Explanation: Biosensors have been used in agriculture to:
• Detect plant neutrients.
• Detect fertilizers.
• Detect pesticides.
Biosensors are used in the mining industry to detect toxic compounds and gases.
2. Biosensors are used in food industry to _________
a) sense taste
b) detect mustard gas
c) detect acid alcohols
d) determine fatigue
View Answer
Explanation: In the food industry, biosensors are used to sense taste, freshness odor and to find out toxic substances. Biosensors are used in different fields as follows:
• Defense: To detect mustard gas, nerve gas, etc.
• Industry: To detect alcohol, acids, phenols, etc.
• Sports: To determine fatigue by measuring levels of lactic acid, ammonia in perspiration.
3. Glucose level as low as 0.15 mmol can be detected by using _________ enzyme.
a) penicillinase
b) putrescine oxidase
c) glucose oxidase
d) alcohol oxidase
View Answer
Explanation: Glucose level as low as 0.15 mmol can be detected by using a glucose oxidase enzyme. The device designed for this purpose induces current flow proportional to glucose concentration. Penicillinase is used to measure penicillin concentration. Freshness of meat and fish can be detected by putrescine oxidase. Alcohol oxidase is used to detect alcohol.
4. To detect the freshness of meat of fish, which of the following enzyme is not required?
a) ATPase
b) Amino oxidase
c) Putrescine oxidase
d) Invertase muta-rotase
View Answer
Explanation: To detect freshness of meat or fish, biosensors are designed with ATPase, amino oxidase and Putrescine oxidase. These sensors measure nitrate by color change in pH indicator, which is detected by a transducer. Invertase muta-rotase is used to detect sucrose in aqueous solutions.
5. _____________ measures protein interaction in real time without any labelling technique.
a) Calorimetric biosensor
b) Surface Plasmon Resonance biosensor
c) Penicillin measuring biosensor
d) Portable biosensor
View Answer
Explanation: Surface Plasmon Resonance biosensor measures protein interaction in real time without any labelling technique. It measures optical changes. Calorimetric biosensor is used to measure heat dissipated in a reaction by using thermistors. Penicillin measuring biosensor consists of a silicon wafer pH sensitive layer on which penicillinase enzyme is immobilized. Portable biosensors are those which can be carried anywhere.
6. Pick the odd one out.
a) Acid
b) Fatigue
c) Alcohol
d) Phenol
View Answer
Explanation: In sports, the biosensor is used to determine fatigue by measuring levels of lactic acid, ammonia in perspiration. In industries, biosensors are used to detect acid, alcohol, phenol, etc.
7. Defense: mustard gas: Mining: __________
a) Fatigue
b) Toxic compounds and gases
c) BOD
d) Phenol
View Answer
Explanation: In defense, mustard gas and nerve gas are detected by using biosensors. In the same way, toxic compounds and gases are detected by using biosensors in the mining industry. Fatigue is measured in sports using a biosensor. BOD is measured by using biosensors for pollution monitoring. Phenol along acids and alcohol is detected in industries.
8. Graves’ disease is a result of less amount of ________ leading to physical and mental retardation in children.
a) Sugar
b) Thyroxine
c) RBCs
d) Lactic acid
View Answer
Explanation: Graves’ disease is a result of less amount of thyroxine leading to physical and mental retardation in children. In this device, thyroxine sensing molecule is used in the biolayer. Diabetes a disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood. decreased number of RBCs and oxygen leads to sickle cell anemia where in the RBCs become sickle shaped. Lactic acid is used to determine fatigue in sports.
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