This set of Enzyme Technology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Large Scale Use of Enzyme – Application of Enzymes in Detergent Industry”.
1. Detergent industry is the single largest market of enzymes.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Half of the detergent formulations today contain enzymes. The total sales of enzymes in detergent industry accounts for 25 – 30% of all the sales. Due to which, it said to be the single largest market of enzymes. Hence the above statement is true.
2. Use of enzymes in detergent industry is cost effective and safe.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Enzyme use in detergent industry is cost effective and safe due to the development of a dust free granulate with an inner core containing enzyme, inorganic salts and sugars as preservative bound with carboxymethyl cellulose fibers or similar protective colloid. This is then coated with inert waxy material made of paraffin oil/ polyethylene glycol with various hydrophobic binders, which later disperse in wash. This prevents dust formation and protects enzyme against damage during storage. Hence the statement is true.
3. Which of the enzyme is not isolated from Bacillus Licheniformis?
a) Alcalase
b) Esperase
c) Savinase
d) Maxatase
View Answer
Explanation: Most of the enzymes are isolated from Bacillus species. Alcalase, Esperase and Maxatase are isolated from Bacillus Licheniformis whereas savinase is isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (often mistakenly attributed to Bacillus Subtilis).
4. __________________ is used in dishwashing and destarching.
a) Maxatase
b) α-amylase
c) Protease
d) Alcalase
View Answer
Explanation: α-amylase is extracted from Bacillus Licheniformis and is supplied in the form of Termamyl to be used in detergent industry. α-amylase is used in dishwashing and destarching. Alcalase isolated from Bacillus Licheniformis is used in liquid preparations with slurries of enzymes in non-ionic surfactant which are useful removing stubborn strains. Protease is used in detergent industry as bleaching agents and water softeners.
5. Which of the following enzyme would be used as bleaching agents?
a) Alcalase
b) α-amylase
c) Serine protease
d) Cellulase
View Answer
Explanation: In detergent formulations, serine protease is used as thiol protease which is used as bleaching agents. Alcalase is used in liquid preparations with slurries of enzyme in non-ionic surfactant, whereas α-amylase is used in dishwashing and destarching. Cellulase is used in washing cotton fabrics.
6. Fungal cellulase is used in detergents which help in ______________
a) washing cotton fabrics
b) bleaching fabrics
c) softening water
d) liquid preparations
View Answer
Explanation: Fungal cellulase is used in detergents which help in washing cotton fabrics. Treatment with cellulase helps to remove the small fibers which are raised from the cotton thread surface which lowers the color brightness, without damaging the major fibers and restores it as new fabric. It also removes soil particles from wash by hydrolyzing associated with fibers. Serine protease is used as thiol protease detergent industry for bleaching the fabrics. Serine protease is used as metalloproteases in detergent industry for softening water. Alcalase is used in liquid preparation with slurries of enzymes in non-ionic surfactant to remove stubborn strains.
7. Which of the following enzyme is used for removing stubborn strains?
a) α-amylase
b) Serine protease
c) Cellulase
d) Alcalase
View Answer
Explanation: Alcalase is used in detergent industry to remove stubborn strains in liquid from with slurries of enzymes in non-ionic surfactant. Cellulase is used to washi cotton fabrics. α-amylase is used in dishwashing and destarching, whereas serine protease is used in detergents industry as bleaching agents and water softeners.
9. For household laundering _______________ is used in detergent industry.
a) alcalase
b) cellulase
c) amylase
d) maxatase
View Answer
Explanation: Household laundering is different from industry laundering. The household washing consists of wide variety of fabrics with range of materials and the user requires convenience and effectiveness with less consideration of cost. Home detergent mainly include amylase and protease enzymes. These detergent require lengthy warm water soaking time whereas in industrial laundering, it requires effectiveness at minimum cost so heated water is reused. They have totally different procedure of laundering.
8. Which of the enzyme is used in the detergent industry as water softeners?
a) Alcalase
b) Serine protease
c) Cellulase
d) Savinase
View Answer
Explanation: Serine protease is detergent formulations as metalloproteases would lose their metal co-factor due to complexing with water softening agents or hydroxyl ions. Alcalase is used in removing stubborn strains. Cellulase is used in detergent for washing cotton fabrics. Savinase is isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (often mistakenly attributed to Bacillus Subtilis).
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Enzyme Technology.
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