This set of Environmental Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Microbial Biofilm and Wastewater Treatment”.
1. Which of the following is the main source of eutrophication?
a) Effluent quality
b) Nitrogen
c) Salty water
d) Pure water
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Explanation: Nitrogen contamination is the main source of eutrophication of surface water, during microbiological examination, the relative concentration of organism at the time of stress is useful in determining the changes in effluent quality of water, salty water is found abundantly in seas, pure water doesn’t contain any impurities, however these does not cause eutrophication.
2. Which of the following methods can be used to separate phosphates from insoluble precipitates?
a) Sedimentation
b) Temperature
c) pH
d) Volume
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Explanation: Sedimentation method can be used for removal of phosphates from insoluble precipitates of heavy metals, temperature, pH or the volume component cannot be used to separate phosphates from insoluble precipitates of the heavy metals.
3. Which of the following organisms represent the natural living style as biofilms?
a) Microbial communities
b) Fungi
c) Protozoa
d) Animals
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Explanation: Biofilms represent the natural living style of Microbial communities, fungi grow by producing mycelium, protozoa and animals don’t grow by forming biofilms.
4. The biofilms can be engineered for bio degradation and bio transformation.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: The biofilms play a very important in the bio-geochemical cycles of the environment and it can be genetically modified for degradation of persistent pollutants in the environment i.e. it can be used for can be engineered for bio degradation and bio transformation.
5. Which of the following compound is broken down by the microbial biofilms in the waste water?
a) Iron
b) Nitrogen
c) Sodium
d) Potassium
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Explanation: Phosphorus and Nitrogen compounds are present in the waste water and those need to be degraded to get better quality of water which is done by microbial biofilms, Iron, sodium and potassium are treated as highly toxic compounds.
6. Pathogens can be removed by action of microbial biofilms.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Pathogens from waste water can be removed by action of microbial biofilms as they grow using them as the carbon source.
7. __________ method is used for water disinfection.
a) Chlorination
b) Floatation
c) Flocculation
d) Filtration
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Explanation: Chlorination is a method which is used for water disinfection by adding chlorine to the water whereas floatation is the method in which solids float in the water, flocculation is a method of sedimentation and filtration is a physical method of separation.
8. Which of following physical methods cannot be used for treatment of waste water?
a) Sedimentation
b) Floatation
c) Filtration
d) Chlorination
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Explanation: Chlorination is a chemical process used for treatment of water whereas sedimentation, floatation, filtration is a physical method for waste water treatment.
9. Which of the following process involves addition of chemical followed by rapid mixing?
a) Coagulation
b) Sedimentation
c) Filtration
d) Ultra filtration
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Explanation: Coagulation process involves addition of chemical followed by rapid mixing to dissolve the chemicals and distribute it in the water whereas sedimentation filtration and ultrafiltration involves physical method techniques and chemicals are not added.
10. Efficient wastewater treatment is done by segregating various waste streams and treating them separately.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Efficient wastewater treatment is done by segregating various waste streams and treating them separately using various waste water treatment techniques before mixing together for final treatment.
11. Reverse osmosis is used in the treatment of waste water to remove the suspended solids from the water.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Reverse osmosis is reverse process of osmosis in which water moves from higher concentration to lower concentration through semi permeable membrane and then there is a movement from high solute concentration to low solute removing suspended solids from the water.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Environmental Biotechnology.
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