This set of Environmental Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Doses of Toxicants”.
1. The effect of a particular substance on an organism is used to determine which of the following property?
a) Toxicity
b) Metabolism
c) Gluconeogenesis
d) Glycogenesis
View Answer
Explanation: Toxicity can be determined by the effect of a particular substance on an organism or any type of cell or tissue. Whereas, metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that take place in organisms, Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process to produce sugars for catabolic reactions from any non-carbohydrate precursor and Glycogenesis is also a metabolic process.
2. Effect of a substance on an organism is the transformation of a substance without any nutritional benefit is can be defined as which of the following?
a) Co metabolism
b) Metabolism
c) Glycogenesis
d) Gluconeogenesis
View Answer
Explanation: In presence of a growth substrate, the transformation of a substance without any nutritional benefit is called as Co metabolism, whereas, metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that take place in organisms, Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process to produce sugars for catabolic reactions from any non-carbohydrate precursor.
3. The amount of chemical or any type of drug taken at specific interval of time is determined as which of the following?
a) Co substrate
b) Sugar substrate
c) Dose
d) Calcium substrate
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Explanation: Dose is the amount of chemical or any type of drug taken at specific interval of time. Whereas, sugar substrate, co substrate and calcium substrate are certain forms of substrate that is not related to type of drug taken at specific interval of time.
4. Metabolism is a process that can be used to convert a material into a chemically modified form.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Co metabolism is used as a basis of bio-transformation and it can be used to convert a substance or a material into a chemically modified form which involves various metabolic processes and that in turn helps to convert it into a chemically modified form.
5. What does exposure mean with respect to dosage in plants?
a) Concentration of toxicity
b) Concentration of sugar
c) Concentration of potassium
d) Concentration of calcium
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Explanation: Concentration of toxicity is defined as the amount of toxic substance or toxicant present in the plants. Whereas, Concentration of sugar, Concentration of potassium, Concentration of calcium doesn’t determine the amount of toxic substance or toxicant present in the plants.
6. Which of the following is the pre-requisites for co-metabolic transformation?
a) Coal
b) Oil
c) Natural gas
d) Co-factors
View Answer
Explanation: The pre-requisites for co-metabolic transformation are the enzymes and synthesis of co-factors required for required for enzymatic reactions, whereas, Oil, Natural gas and coal cannot be used for metabolic transformation.
7. Which of the following substrate is not used by methanotrophic or methane producing bacteria to oxidize methane?
a) Methanol
b) Formaldehyde
c) Methane
d) Carbon dioxide
View Answer
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is not used by methanotrophic or methane producing bacteria to oxidize methane. Methanotrophic bacteria is used to oxidize methane to carbon dioxide via Methanol, Formaldehyde, Methane and not carbon dioxide itself.
8. Which of the following enzyme aids in the first step in methane oxidation?
a) Methanol
b) Formaldehyde
c) Methane mono oxygenase
d) Carbon dioxide
View Answer
Explanation: Methane mono oxygenase enzyme acts as a catalyst in the first step in methane oxidation by attacking the inert methane, whereas, Methanol, Formaldehyde, carbon dioxide are not enzymes and hence, they do not aid in the first step in methane oxidation.
9. Anaerobic bacteria can overcome the high persistence of halogenated xenobiotic compounds.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: To overcome the high persistence of halogenated xenobiotic anaerobic bacteria plays an important role and hence, it can help to overcome the high persistence of halogenated xenobiotic compounds.
10. Which of the following factors doesn’t influence the rate of degradation by bacteria?
a) Microbial density
b) Microbial diversity
c) Association
d) Color
View Answer
Explanation: Color is a factor independent of the rate of degradation by bacteria and hence, it does not affect the rate. Whereas, the rate of degradation by bacteria is highly influenced by microbial density, diversity and association and not by Color.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Environmental Biotechnology.
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