This set of Environmental Biotechnology Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Problem Soil Management & Remediation – Suitability of Bioremediation”.
1. Which among the following is not considered as the principal environmental factor?
a) pH
b) Temperature
c) Soil type
d) Pressure
View Answer
Explanation: Temperature, pH, and Soil type are the key factors considered as principal environmental factor whereas, pressure is not considered as an environmental factor.
2. Bio remediation does not rely on the natural abilities of soil micro-organisms.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In the process of bioremediation, it completely relies on the natural abilities of soil micro-organisms.
3. What is the preferable range of temperature for bioremediation by soil microorganisms?
a) 0-50 °C
b) 50-60 °C
c) 80-100 °C
d) 120-150 °C
View Answer
Explanation: The preferable range of temperature for bioremediation by soil microorganisms is 0-50°, which is ideal for microorganisms to tolerate this range, 50-60°C, 80-100°C, 120-150°C temperatures are not ideal for soil microorganisms.
4. 20-30°C is the ideal range for bioremediation as it optimizes _______
a) Enzyme activity
b) Temperature
c) Pressure
d) pH
View Answer
Explanation: 20-30°C is the ideal range for bio remediation as it optimizes the enzyme activity, whereas temperature, pH are dependent factors and pressure is independent of these factors.
5. Which of the following type of soil is suitable for soil remediation?
a) Peaty Soil
b) Sandy soil
c) Less or no organic content soil
d) Soil with gravels
View Answer
Explanation: Soils with sands and gravels are most suitable for soil remediation processes where as soil with less or no organic content can be considered as well but peaty soil are completely unsuitable for bioremediation.
6. Which among the following does not determine the suitability of soil remediation?
a) Nutrient availability
b) Presence of other inhibitory contaminants
c) Oxygenation
d) Pathogens
View Answer
Explanation: Nutrient availability, presence of other inhibitory bacteria and Oxygenation determine the suitability of soil remediation whereas pathogens are the microorganisms that cause diseases.
7. Which of the following treatment options is not suitable for areas where contaminants don’t cause a potential harm to human health and the environment?
a) Natural attenuation
b) Passive remediation
c) Bio attenuation
d) Live attenuated
View Answer
Explanation: Bio attenuation, Passive remediation, Natural attenuation are the treatment options suitable for areas where contaminants doesn’t cause a potential harm to human health and the environment whereas live attenuated are the vaccines containing weakened pathogens.
8. Functional biology is usually described as a process of bio enhancement (and/or) ____________
a) Bio augmentation
b) Bio-accumulation
c) Bio-degradation
d) Bio-magnification
View Answer
Explanation: Functional biology is usually described as a process of bio enhancement or Bio augmentation or an amalgam of both, Bio-magnification is the process by which toxic substances get deposited in the food chain, Immobilization uses Bio-accumulation processes, bio-degradation is the process that leads to degradation of compounds with the help of bacteria.
9. Bio enhancement stimulates the existing micro fauna by ______
a) Manipulating the local environmental conditions
b) Entering the food chain
c) Increasing dissolved oxygen
d) Producing methane gas
View Answer
Explanation: By manipulating the local environmental conditions, Bio enhancement stimulates the existing micro-fauna, to enter the food chain of primary producers, increasing dissolved oxygen bio enchancement doesn’t stimulate the micro fauna and methane gas is produced as a result of activity of methanogens and not by bio enhancement.
10. Bioaugmentation requires the introduction of selected microbes to bring about the remediation process.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Bioaugmentation deliberately introduces selected microorganisms to bring about the remediation process.
11. Aerobic bio degradation has a minimum oxygen requirement of __________
a) 0.5 mg/litre
b) 2 mg/litre
c) 1 mg/litre
d) 1.5 mg/litre
View Answer
Explanation: Aerobic bio degradation requires a minimum oxygen level of of 2 mg/litre, less than that is not optimum for a start like 0.5, 1, 1.5 mg/litre concentrations.
12. Some soil remediation processes enhance the presiding micro-bacteria and bio-augment the clean-up process by adding fungi to the respective soil.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Soil remediation processes enhance the bacteria and bio-augment the clean-up process by adding fungi to the respective soil where treatment is being done.
13. If the majority of the mechanism of bio-remediation process is an anaerobic process, then oxygen presence becomes toxic.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: When majority of the mechanism of bio-remediation process is an anaerobic process then the process becomes highly toxic in presence of oxygen.
14. Which among the following is not a caused due to presence of heavy metals in the soil micro-biome during a remediation process?
a) Increased mobilization of heavy metals
b) Inhibition of biological processes
c) Iron precipitation
d) Increase in soil fertility
View Answer
Explanation: Heavy metals have very harmful effects on soil micro biome during a remediation process and has certain effects like Increased mobilization of heavy metals, Inhibition of biological processes, Iron precipitation but it never increases the soil fertility.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Environmental Biotechnology.
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