This set of Environmental Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Application of Dose Effect Relationship”.
1. Which of the following are characteristics of dose effect relationship?
a) Toxicities
b) Sodium
c) Biochemical degradation
d) Response
View Answer
Explanation: Response of an organism to a particular stimulus to measure the magnitude of the response, dose effect relationship is very important. Whereas, Toxicities is the result of several toxicants that can only be imposed if it is able to cross the several sub cellular structures, biochemical degradation is the degradation of bio-accumulated chemicals stored in the organism, whereas, sodium is the metals that can be found in an organism.
2. The stimulus response curve is not restricted to which of the following function?
a) Stress
b) Chemicals
c) Headache
d) Bio-accumulation
View Answer
Explanation: The stimulus response curve is not restricted to the Chemicals and it depends on the response of the stimulus. Whereas, from the eco physiological point of view, bio accumulation is the result of the local chemical bond that overcome the dissipation energy of the chemical and stress, headache is the symptoms that might be observed due to bioaccumulation.
3. Which of the following factors doesn’t influence the Dose response relationship?
a) Membrane permeability rate
b) Quantifying response
c) Exposure time
d) Exposure route
View Answer
Explanation: Membrane permeability rate influence the uptake of toxicants during bio accumulation, whereas, quantifying response, exposure time, exposure route influences the Dose response relationship.
4. Bio-accumulation in the living tissues can happen when the chemicals accumulated crosses the physical barrier.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The chemicals get bio-accumulated in the living tissues can happen only if it crosses the physical barrier of the living tissues. So, when the chemicals passes the physical and chemical barrier of the tissues, the chemicals starts to bioaccumulate in the tissues.
5. Which of the following is important for the toxicant to cross several sub cellular structures?
a) Toxification
b) Sodium
c) Potassium
d) Biochemical degradation
View Answer
Explanation: Toxification is the result of several toxicants that can only be imposed if it is able to cross the several sub cellular structures, biochemical degradation is the degradation of bio-accumulated chemicals stored in the organism, whereas, sodium and Potassium are the metals that can be found in an organism.
6. Bio-accumulation can occur through direct surface absorption from aqueous medium in Zooplanktons.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Zooplankton can bio-accumulate toxic materials from the surface by direct absorption from aqueous medium, it can also accumulate by feeding on phytoplankton previously exposed to any toxicants.
7. With respect to dose effect relationship, which of the following factors doesn’t influence the direct uptake of toxicants during bio-accumulation?
a) Membrane permeability rate
b) Elimination
c) Rate of active transport
d) Rate of active transport
View Answer
Explanation: Membrane permeability rate, rate of active transport, competitive effect and rate of active transport are the factors that influence the uptake of toxicants during bio accumulation, whereas, Elimination is the process that is responsible for removal of toxicants from the body of an organism.
8. Size of organism is not related to bioaccumulation.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Size of organism is the major deciding factor for bioaccumulation as the organisms with larger body has slow bioaccumulation rates as compared to small organisms. It is very important to consider the size of the organisms.
9. The solubility of the toxicant through the membrane is dependent on the strength of the bonds.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The strength of the bonds is a major deciding factor for the solubility and transport of the toxicants through the membrane of an organism. Hence, the solubility of the toxicant through the membrane is very much dependent on the strength of the bonds.
10. Which of the following can help Lipophilic compounds to enter the tissues of terrestrial plants?
a) Sub-cellular region
b) Food chain
c) Xenoestrogen
d) Root surface
View Answer
Explanation: Lipophilic compounds enter the plant tissues in the terrestrial regions through root and shoot surface along the entire surface, and not through the Sub-cellular region or the food chain, Xenoestrogen is a hormone that have similar functions to natural endogenic estrogen produced by the body of an organism but are chemically different and synthetically administered.
11. Which of the following can ingest metals?
a) Aquatic algae
b) Reptiles
c) Fishes
d) Humans
View Answer
Explanation: Aquatic algae ingest metals by formation of coordination complexes with the specific transport ligands in the outer membrane. Therefore, algae can be considered as major biological remediation to methods to remove certain metals from the environment. Whereas, it is toxic for reptiles, fishes and humans to ingest the metals.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Environmental Biotechnology.
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