This set of Environmental Biotechnology Questions & Answers for Exams focuses on “General Composition of Urban Solid Wastes”.
1. Which of the following is not a source of urban waste?
a) Municipal Services
b) Residential area of towns and cities
c) Industrial area
d) Rural waste
View Answer
Explanation: Residential areas of towns and cities, municipal Services and industrial areas generate a lot of waste like glass, domestic waste, food waste, metals, tin, leaves etc. are referred to as urban waste but rural waste is usually referred to as waste generated in rural areas.
2. Which of the following urban waste is not categorized as toxic waste?
a) Old medicines
b) Paints
c) Fertilizer
d) Agricultural wastes
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Explanation: Agricultural wastes is not harmful or toxic to the environment as compared to the chemicals and harmful toxic substances released from the breakdown of old medicines, paints, fertilizers.
3. Disposal is the initial stage during solid waste management.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Disposal is usually done in the end and hence, is not done in the initial stage during the solid waste management, may it be from residential area or commercial area or any other source.
4. Why waste has become an issue in urban areas?
a) Limited space
b) Less time
c) Less labor
d) More labor
View Answer
Explanation: Limited space has become an issue in urban areas for disposal of urban waste because disposal of waste requires space and urban areas lack that, less time, less labor, more labor is not a problem in urban areas which has better economic facilities.
5. Which of the following reasons doesn’t worsen the problem of waste disposal in urban cities?
a) Odor
b) Population density
c) Urban area environmental demands
d) Insufficient water
View Answer
Explanation: Population density, urban area environmental demands and insufficient water leads to poor quality of living and high energy demands, this leads to problems in waste disposal, whereas, odor is a problem caused due to all the above listed reasons.
6. Cloth disposal is one of the biggest helps to landfills in today’s date.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Cloth disposal goes to our garbage and then directly to the landfill where the waste materials are disposed by burial which is also an old method of waste treatment.
7. Which of the following methods can be used to generate huge amount of energy?
a) Dumping
b) Gasification
c) Incineration
d) Urban solid waste
View Answer
Explanation: Urban solid waste or municipal solid waste can be used to generate huge amount of energy by processes like combustion, pyrolysis etc., dumping is done in low lying areas, gasification is the degradation of organic matter in anaerobic conditions and incineration are the processes used for waste disposal.
8. Several urban dwellers earn their livelihood from items recovered from urban solid wastes.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Several urban dwellers earn their livelihood from items recovered from urban solid wastes like tins, cans, metals, glasses, hair etc. which are recyclable. Various urban dwellers live in places where there is poor facility of sanitation, the drainage is also poor which leads to solid waste assemblage.
9. Which of the following method cannot be used for disposal and treatment of urban organic waste?
a) Anaerobic compost
b) Sanitary landfill
c) Aerobic compost
d) Secure landfill
View Answer
Explanation: Organic waste are usually referred to as the green waste and hence, they are biodegradable which doesn’t need to be used in secure landfill for disposal. Whereas, Anaerobic compost, sanitary landfill, aerobic compost can be used for disposal and treatment of urban organic waste.
10. Which of the following is a natural way of composting?
a) Vermicomposting
b) Landfill
c) Incineration
d) Sanitary landfill
View Answer
Explanation: Vermicomposting usually breaks down the organic waste into nutrient compost mainly using Earthworms, whereas, landfill, incineration and sanitary landfill are done by human intervention.
11. Why secure landfill is used?
a) For vermicomposting
b) To dispose hazardous waste
c) For Incineration
d) For recycling
View Answer
Explanation: To dispose of the hazardous waste safely so that it doesn’t interfere with the environment, secure landfill is used and vermicomposting is usually break down of the organic waste into nutrient compost mainly using earthworms, whereas, recycling and incineration changes the property of waste.
12. Which of the following is a biomedical waste?
a) Waste from veterinary institutions
b) Waste from construction areas
c) Garbage
d) Ashes
View Answer
Explanation: Waste from veterinary institutions, hospitals are referred to as biomedical waste and waste from construction areas include bricks, rocks, plaster etc., garbage like food waste, domestic waste and ashes comes from coal, burning wood etc. are not biomedical wastes.
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