This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Dielectrics”.
1. A dielectric is always an insulator. But an insulator is not necessarily a dielectric. State True/False.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: For a material to be dielectric, its permittivity should be very high. This is seen in insulators. For a material to be insulator, the condition is to have large band gap energy. However, this is not necessary for a dielectric.
2. Identify a good dielectric.
a) Iron
b) Ceramics
c) Plastic
d) Magnesium
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Explanation: Iron and magnesium are metals. Hence they need not be considered. Both ceramics and plastic are insulators. But dielectric constant is more for ceramics always. Hence ceramics is the best dielectric.
3. A dielectric can be made a conductor by
a) Compression
b) Heating
c) Doping
d) Freezing
View Answer
Explanation: On increasing the temperature, the free electrons in an insulator can be promoted from valence to conduction band. Gradually, it can act as a conductor through heating process. This condition is called dielectric breakdown, wherein the insulator loses its dielectric property and starts to conduct.
4. Find the dielectric constant for a material with electric susceptibility of 4.
a) 3
b) 5
c) 8
d) 16
View Answer
Explanation: The electric susceptibility is given by χe = εr – 1. For a susceptibility of 4, the dielectric constant will be 5. It has no unit.
5. For a dielectric which of the following properties hold good?
a) They are superconductors at high temperatures
b) They are superconductors at low temperatures
c) They can never become a superconductor
d) They have very less dielectric breakdown voltage
View Answer
Explanation: Superconductors are characterised by diamagnetism behaviour and zero resistivity, which true for a dielectric. They occur only at low temperature. Thus a dielectric can become a superconductor at low temperatures with very high dielectric breakdown voltage.
6. The magnetic field which destroys the superconductivity is called
a) Diamagnetic field
b) Ferromagnetic field
c) Ferrimagnetic field
d) Critical field
View Answer
Explanation: Critical field is that strong magnetic field which can destroy the superconductivity of a material. The temperature at which this occurs is called transition temperature.
7. The magnetic susceptibility in a superconductor will be
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Zero
d) Infinity
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Explanation: Due to perfect diamagnetism in a superconductor, its magnetic susceptibility will be negative. This phenomenon is called Meissner effect.
8. The superconducting materials will be independent of which of the following?
a) Magnetic field
b) Electric field
c) Magnetization
d) Temperature
View Answer
Explanation: Superconducting materials depends only on the applied magnetic field, resultant magnetization at the temperature considered. It is independent of the applied electric field and the corresponding polarization.
9. Find the mean free path of an electron travelling at a speed of 18m/s in 2 seconds.
a) 9
b) 36
c) 0.11
d) 4.5
View Answer
Explanation: The mean free path is defined as the average distance travelled by an electron before collision takes place. It is given by, d = v x τc, where v is the velocity and τc is the collision time. Thus d = 18 x 2 = 36m.
10. Find the velocity of an electron when its kinetic energy is equal to one electron volt (in 105m/s).
Given charge of an electron e = 1.6 x 10-19 and mass of an electron m = 9.1 x 10-31.
a) 3.9
b) 4.9
c) 5.9
d) 6.9
View Answer
Explanation: When the kinetic energy and one electron volt are equal, we can equate mv2/2 = eV. Put e and m in the equation to get velocity v = 5.9 x 105 m/s.
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