Drug Biotechnology Questions and Answers – Biopharmaceuticals – Parenteral Controlled Release Systems – 1

This set of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Biopharmaceuticals – Parenteral Controlled Release Systems – 1”.

1. The duration of action of parental controlled release systems can be extended up to what time?
a) 1 day
b) 1 week
c) 1 month
d) Day, week, month even a year
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The advantages of parenteral admiration is the duration of action can be extended for days, weeks, months or even a year. The major drawback of parenteral administration is once the administration is done, the drug cannot be removed easily if an undesirable action happens. These drugs are administered by subcutaneous, intramuscularly, intravenous, intraperitoneal.

2. What is the drawback of parental controlled release systems?
a) Injecting is a difficulty
b) The drug cannot be easily removed once administered
c) Can get easily precipitated in the injection site
d) Rapid onset but fast excretion
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The major drawback of parenteral administration is once the administration is done, the drug cannot be removed easily if an undesirable action happens. If the drug gets precipitated or not needed any more it cannot be removed from our body. These drugs are administered by subcutaneous, intramuscularly, intravenous, intraperitoneal.

3. Which one of the following should not be a characteristic of the vehicles or polymers which are used for parenteral formulations?
a) Sterile
b) Consists of pyrogen
c) Nonirritating
d) Biodegradable
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The vehicle, polymers, and other substances which are used in parenteral formulations must not contain any pyrogen, sterile, non-irritating, biocompatible and biodegradable into nontoxic compounds within the time preferably close to the duration of drug action.
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4. With aqueous solutions, the drug releases can be controlled. Which of the following is not the right method of controlling?
a) Increasing the viscosity
b) By forming complexes with macromolecules
c) Reducing the solubility of the parent drug
d) Increasing the pH to make it highly basic
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Both aqueous and oil solutions can be used for controlled drug release. The aqueous solution the release can be controlled by increasing the viscosity of the vehicle by use of MC, CMC, PVP. BY forming complexes with macromolecules like MC, CMC, or PVP. By forming complexes that control drug release not by dissociation but by reducing the solubility of the parent drug.

5. Release of water-soluble drugs can be retarded by presenting it as ____________ suspension.
a) Oil
b) Water
c) Colloidal
d) Freezing
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Release of water-soluble drugs can be retarded by presenting it as oil suspension. And oil-soluble drugs releasing can be retarded by presenting them in water suspension. The solid content should be in the range of 0.5 to 5.0%. Larger the particle size slower the dispersion since the surface area to volume ratio is less.
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6. Larger particle size leads to ____________ dissolution.
a) Slower
b) Faster
c) Moderate
d) Normal
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Larger the particle size slower the dispersion since the surface area to volume ratio is less. Although large particles have their own disadvantages such as causing irritation at the injection site, poor syringeability and injectability, and rapid sedimentation. We can use viscosity builder but this also retards drug diffusion.

7. Which of the following is a characteristic of microspheres?
a) Free flowing powders
b) Aqueous solutions
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Administration of emulsions
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Microspheres are free flowing powders consisting of spherical particles of size less than 125 microns which can be suspended on a suitable aqueous vehicle. This solution can then be injected by 18-20 numbers of injections. Each particle is a matrix of drug dispersed.
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8. Which of the following is a characteristic of oil solutions?
a) Free flowing powders
b) Aqueous solutions
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Administration of emulsions
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Oil solutions control release by partitioning the drug out of the oil in the surrounding aqueous fluids. Vegetable oils such as arachis oil, cottonseed oil, etc. can be used for this. The method is used for only drugs which are lipid soluble and have an optimum partition coefficient.

9. Which of the following is a characteristic of aqueous solutions?
a) Free flowing powders
b) Drug release can be increased by increasing viscosity
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Administration of emulsions
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The release of drugs from aqueous solutions can be increased by increasing the viscosity of the vehicle by use of MC, CMC, and PVP. By forming a complex with macromolecules. By forming a complex that controls drug release.
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10. Which of the following is a characteristic of nanoparticles?
a) Free flowing powders
b) Aqueous solutions
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Size range 10-100 nm
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Nanoparticles are called as nanospheres when the drug is in the polymer matrix and nanocapsules when they are encapsulated. They differ from microspheres to nano size with size 10-1000nm. The polymers used are biodegradable ones.

11. Which of the following is a characteristic of the parental controlled drug release system by liposomes?
a) Free flowing powders
b) Aqueous solutions
c) Lipid bilayer enclosing the drug
d) Administration of emulsions
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: It is defined as the vesicle of lipid bilayers enclosing an aqueous compartment. Most commonly phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids are used to prepare liposomes. Their size ranges from 25 to 5000 nm. A large variety of drugs, peptides or proteins including antibodies and viruses and bacteria can be incorporated into liposomes.

12. Which of the following can be incorporated into a liposome?
a) Only drugs and viruses
b) Only Peptides and viruses due to similar characteristics
c) Only viruses
d) Drugs, peptides, viruses, bacteria
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: A large variety of drugs, peptides or proteins including antibodies and viruses and bacteria can be incorporated into liposomes. Water-soluble drugs will be trapped in the aqueous compartment while the lipophilic ones are incorporated in the lipid phase of liposomes. They are available in various sizes and have the ability to incorporate both water and lipid soluble drugs.

13. Which of the following is a characteristic of resealed erythrocytes?
a) Nonimmunogenic
b) Aqueous solutions
c) Control drug release by partitioning the drug from the oil
d) Size range 10-100 nm
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In this system, the drug is loaded in the body’s own erythrocytes and used to serve as a controlled drug delivery system. These are fully biodegradable, nonimmunogenic. They can circulate transvascularly for days and will allow a large number of drugs to be carried.

14. Which of the following statement is false for osmotic pumps?
a) The pump has three concentric circle
b) The innermost is the drug reservoir
c) The drug is contained a permeable polyester bag
d) Outer most rigid rate controlling semipermeable membrane
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The pump is made of three concentric layers. The innermost reservoir is contained in a collapsible impermeable polyester bag. The outermost is a rigid, rate controlling semipermeable membrane made from substituted cellulosic polymers.

15. Which of the following statement is true for osmotic pumps?
a) The tube is made up of stainless steel
b) The innermost is the drug reservoir in a no collapsible bag
c) The drug is contained a permeable polyester bag
d) The outer most cover is soft and easily permeable
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The innermost drug reservoir is contained in an impermeable polyester bag. The outermost rigid rate controlling semipermeable membrane. A rigid polymeric plug is used to form a leak-proof seal between the drug and the semipermeable housing. The tube is made up of stainless steel.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Drug and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.

To practice all areas of Drug and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

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Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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