This set of Cytogenetics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Meiosis 1 Metaphase, Anaphase & Telophase”.
1. Nuclear envelope breaks down finally in _____________
a) Prophase
b) Pro metaphase
c) Metaphase
d) Anaphase
View Answer
Explanation: In the prometaphase the chromosome compaction reaches its maximum, recombination is complete, now the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fiber attaches to chromosomes.
2. Which of the following is true about the attachment of sister chromatid to kinetochore in this phase?
a) Each chromosome is bound by 2 spindle fibers at the kinetochore
b) The sister chromatids seperate
c) The attachment is at centromere
d) Chromosomes bound by one spindle give negative signal to prevent cycle progression
View Answer
Explanation: In prometaphase 1 the homologous chromosome pair behaves as a single unit. In this case one spindle is attached to one chromosome as a pair and the chromosomes separate not chromatids.
3. The movement of the chromosome in metaphase is known as _______________
a) Polarization
b) Equalization
c) Repulsion
d) Congression
View Answer
Explanation: The two homologous chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate by the movement of congression. The two chromosomes here behave as 1 unit.
4. The metaphase chromosomes are unattached and separates to opposite pole by microtubule contraction.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In meiosis 1 the metaphase chromosomes are still attached by the chiasma. When the spindle contracts chiasma association is broken to pull the chromosomes to opposite pole.
5. Choose the statement that doesn’t agree with the metaphase 1?
a) Only one kinetochore is presented by 1 chromosome
b) Chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibers
c) There exists attraction between the homologous
d) They are lined along an equatorial plate
View Answer
Explanation: Although the homologous chromosomes are bound at the chiasma, their centromeres repel each other which assist separation to opposite pole.
6. The anaphase 1 shows which of the following?
a) Chromatids separate to one pole
b) Centromere is 1st to separate
c) The chromosomes separate to 4 cells
d) Each homologue reaches opposite pole
View Answer
Explanation: In anaphase 1 it is true that the homologous move to opposite pole. The result of meiosis is ultimately 4 cells but not by 1 division. The chromatids don’t separate; centromere still binds the chromatids rather the chromosome separates at the chiasma interactions.
7. If your cell has 24 chromatids, what will be the number of a chromosome at each pole after anaphase 1?
a) 6
b) 12
c) 18
d) 24
View Answer
Explanation: 24 chromatids means there are 12 chromosmes. Anaphase 1 is reduction division so each homologue should move to opposite pole, resulting in reduction. Finally thus there will be only 6 chromosomes at each pole.
8. At the end of anaphase 1 the chromosomes are relaxed and uncoiled. State if it is true or false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The chromosomes at the end of anaphase are very condensed and they are maintained so for a while. They are also shortened due to the condensation.
9. Which of the following agrees with telophase 1?
a) The chromosomes de-condensed
b) The sister chromatids of the bivalent is visible
c) The nuclear membrane breaks down
d) It is of very long duration
View Answer
Explanation: Telophase 1 is like a resting stop before meiosis 2, it is of rather short duration. The chromosomes remain compacted and the nuclear membrane is reformed. It is true that the chromosomes unlike mitosis are bivalent.
10. Choose the wrong statement out.
a) In most animals telophase 1 is absent
b) The chromosomes can’t relax and are compacted
c) The cell passes into diffuse interphase
d) The nuclear membrane reforms
View Answer
Explanation: In telophase 1 the chromosomes relax even when compacted. The telophase may be absent in most animals and the cells do move into a diffuse interphase. The nuclear membrane is reformed only to disappear again at meiosis 2.
11. Which of the following will show telophase1?
a) Trillium
b) Mangifera
c) Canines
d) Homo sapiens
View Answer
Explanation: Mangifera or mango is a dicot. Most animals like canines or us human beings don’t have telophase 1. Monocot plant Trillium also lacks telophase 1.
12. The prophase 2 is ______________ mitotic prophase.
a) Same as
b) Similar to
c) Different from
d) Unrelated
View Answer
Explanation: WE can call mitotic prophase and meiotic prophase 1 as similar not exactly the same. This is because the prophase here has bivalents that are much more condensed and the arms are widely separated.
13. Choose the statement that is not true for meiosis 2.
a) Doubled chromosomes line along equatorial plate
b) Karyokinesis is followed y cytokinesis
c) The chromosome number is reduced
d) The anaphase chromosomes start to spate from the centre
View Answer
Explanation: In meiosis 2 the chromosome number remains the same as this is not a reduction division. The meiosis 1 was the reduction division. Karyokinesis is followed by cytokinesis and the anaphase like mitotic anaphase has chromosomes separating starting at the centromere.
14. How many cells are produced by meiosis 2?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
View Answer
Explanation: The number of cells formed at the end of the entire process of meiosis is 4, but only meiosis 2 produces 2 cells. Two such events of meiosis 2 on meiosis 1 end product ultimately gives 4 cells.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Cytogenetics.
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