This set of Basic Cytogenetics Questions and Answers focuses on “Transcription in Eukaryotes : Transcription Factors”.
1. Which of this is a cis binding element?
a) TAF
b) TBP
c) TFIIF
d) TFIIH
View Answer
Explanation: TBP or TATA binding protein is the part of TFIID complex that recognizes and binds the TATA consensus sequence in the promoter (cis element) of eukaryotic genes. The remaining options are also related to eukaryotic transcription but they have protein-protein interactions.
2. You wanted to study the assembly of preinitiation complex in eukaryotes. This is by the means of protein-protein interaction. Which of these methods you can’t absolutely put in use there?
a) Footprinting
b) Crystal structure
c) EMSA
d) Primer extension
View Answer
Explanation: While primer extension method can be used to locate the 5’ end of the RNA this doesn’t do any help in studying the assembly of pre initiation complex- basically as that’s upstream to even transcription start site. The remaining methods are however very useful.
3. For performing EMSA what type of gel should be used?
a) Native
b) Denaturing SDS-PAGE
c) Non-denaturing SDS PAGE
d) Zymography
View Answer
Explanation: A denaturing SDS PAGE would break the interactions between the factors which is being studied. Thus, a non-denaturing SDS PAGE is used. A native page on the other hand would be less clear while zymography is unrelated.
4. While performing EMSA, in which situation will you see the band highest?
a) You add TFIID, TFIIA and polymerase
b) You add TFIID, TFIIB, TFIIF and polymerase
c) You add TFIID, TFIIA, TFIIF and polymerase
d) You add TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIIF and polymerase
View Answer
Explanation: TFIID is absolutely necessary for any nucleation to take place at all. The complex formed by this composition is almost functional as TFIIA is not playing that important role. However, TFIIB and TFIID absence hugely effects the formation of pre-IC.
5. Which of these is not true for TFIIH?
a) It is a helicase
b) On initiation the RNA pol starts transcribing leaving TFIIH at pre-IC
c) It has kinase activity
d) It is needed in Double Strand Break (DSB) repair
View Answer
Explanation: TFIIH is necessary for phosphorylating RNA pol and triggering its initiation. It moves on with the RNA pol after initiation starts. It also acts as a helicase which is put to use during DSB repair.
6. A mediator helps to connect ___________
a) Enhancer to DPE
b) Silencer to Enhancer
c) Enhancer to TAF
d) Insulator to silencer
View Answer
Explanation: As enhancer elements work from a distance the connecting DNA is often looped and the enhancer connects to the RNA pol bound TAF through a mediator. A silencer may connect to TAF in a similar way.
7. Which factor stimulated phosphorylation of CTD of RNA polymerase II?
a) TFIIA
b) TFIIF
c) TFIIH
d) TFIIE
View Answer
Explanation: While TFIIH is actually performing the kinase action, TFIIE stimulates TFIIH to phosphorylate the CTD. TFIIA and TFIIF play no role in phosphorylation.
8. The absence of which factor will prevent TFIIH and TFIIE recruitment?
a) F
b) D
c) B
d) A
View Answer
Explanation: RNA polymerase bound TFIIF is necessary for recruiting TFIIH and TFIIE, two important transcription factors that trigger the initiation finally.
9. Which of this is untrue about TBP?
a) It is a part of TFIID
b) It makes a kink in the DNA
c) It is orientation independent
d) It is sequence independent
View Answer
Explanation: TBP specifically recognizes and binds to TATA consensus sequence which makes it sequence dependent. Its correct orientation is however determined by other factors like TFIIA and TFIIB. It makes an 80 kink in the DNA and is a part of TFIID.
10. While in vitro transcription your RNA pol is stalled at a position due to mistreatment. Which factor could you act to help the RNA pol overcome the stalled stage?
a) TFIID
b) TFIIF
c) TFIIS
d) TFIIH
View Answer
Explanation: TFIIS is the transcription factor that helps to overcome the transcriptional stalling of RNA polymerases and also to help the polymerase to backtrack.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Cytogenetics.
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