This set of Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Therapeutic Action of Different Classes of Drugs – 2”.
1. Which of the following is a bactericidal antibiotic?
a) Erythromycin
b) Ofloxacin
c) Tetracycline
d) Chloramphenicol
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Explanation: Antibiotics can either kill the target microbes (cidal effect) or can prevent it from pathogenic action (static effect). The former are known as bactericidal and the latter is known as bacteriostatic.
2. Identify the incorrect statement with respect to antibiotics.
a) Arsphenamine is toxic to humans
b) Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic
c) Penicillin is bacteriostatic antibiotic
d) Sulphanilamide has antibacterial properties
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Explanation: Penicillin is an antibacterial compound derived from Penicillium. It has a bactericidal effect on microbes. Ampicillin is a modified version of penicillin with a wider spectrum. Arsphenamine is an -As=As- linkage compound that resists bacterial action and is also toxic to human beings. Sulphanilamide is an active antibiotic compound formed in the body.
3. A certain antibiotic X is effective only against a few types of harmful microbes and cells. X is a _______ antibiotic.
a) broad-spectrum
b) narrow spectrum
c) limited spectrum
d) antibacterial
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Explanation: Antibiotics are classified based on the range of microbes that are affected by it. Broad spectrum antibiotics affect Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Narrow spectrum are used only against either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, whereas limited spectrum antibiotics kill or inhibit only one particular organism.
4. Which of the following is a narrow spectrum antibiotic?
a) Amoxycillin
b) Chloramphenicol
c) Vancomycin
d) Dysidazirine
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Explanation: Dysidazirine is effective in treatment of only certain strains of tumour cells, hence they are narrow spectrum. Chloramphenicol, vancomycin and amoxycillin are examples of broad-spectrum antibiotics, that are used for treating different types of problems.
5. Which of the following are not supposed to treat humans directly?
a) Disinfectants
b) Antimalarials
c) Antiseptics
d) Antibiotics
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Explanation: Antimalarials and antibiotics are ingested in the form of pills. Antiseptics are applied on the skin. Disinfectants are used for cleaning objects like floors, toilets, drains, etc. and protect them from pathogenic activity.
6. Which of the following is used as an antiseptic for eyes?
a) Iodoform
b) Tincture of iodine
c) Dettol
d) Boric acid
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Explanation: Dettol, tincture of iodine and iodoform are common antiseptics that are directly applied on wounds to treat them. Boric acid is prepared as a dilute aqueous solution and acts as an antiseptic for the eyes.
7. Which of the following compounds is added in soaps as an antiseptic?
a) Chloroxylenol
b) Terpineol
c) Bithionol
d) Thymol
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Explanation: Bithionol consists of two dichloro and dihydroxy substituted aromatic rings connected by a sulphur bridge. It is added to soaps as an antiseptic. It also helps to reduce the smell produced by microbial decomposition on the skin.
8. Phenol acts as an antiseptic.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Phenol acts as a disinfectant or as an antiseptic based on its concentration in solution. A 0.2% phenol solution acts as an antiseptic, while a 1% phenolic solution is a disinfectant.
9. Which of the following antifertility drugs consists of Estrogen derivatives?
a) Norethindrone
b) Novestrol
c) Mifepristone
d) Ormeloxifene
View Answer
Explanation: Progesterone is a hormone that is known to suppress ovulation. Antifertility drugs are made of synthetic Estrogen and progesterone derivatives. Ethynylestradiol is a drug with a combination of these two derivatives.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Chemistry – Class 12.
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