This set of Cancer Biology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Role of Various Factors in the Development of Cancers”.
1. Which of the following alterations are not prevalent in melanoma?
a) Alteration of chromosome 1, 6,7,10
b) Deletion and inactivation of p16 INK4A gene
c) Amplification of Cyclin D1
d) Translocation of chromosome 1; 19
View Answer
Explanation: Translocation of chromosome 1; 19 is seen in E2A-PBX1 gene which is seen in acute lymphoblastic cancer. Alteration of chromosome 1, 6,7,10 seems to be late in tumour progression during melanoma. Deletion and inactivation of p16 INK4 gene by promoter methylation is seen in melanoma .Cyclin D1 amplification is also observed in melanoma cancer.
2. Which of the following alteration related to melanoma cancer is seen in sun protected areas of the body?
a) Inactivation of chromosome 1, 11
b) Inactivation of p16 INK4A gene
c) Amplification of Cyclin D1
d) Transversion of chromosome 7; 22
View Answer
Explanation: Cyclin D1 amplification has been detected in melanoma cancer. But, these alteration for melanoma is found relatively in sun protected areas of body which suggests that there is a different mechanism of melanoma initiation in sun protected areas as compared to sun exposed areas of the body.
3. Which of the following brain tumours is common in adults?
a) Glioblastoma
b) Neuroblastoma
c) Ependymoma
d) Oligodendroglioma
View Answer
Explanation: Glioblastoma tumours are most common in adults. These tumours are very bad as they can’t be cured by surgery. Also this tumour is resistant to radiation therapy as well as chemotherapy.
4. Which of the following brain tumour is common in children?
a) Glioblastoma
b) Neuroblastoma
c) Oligodendroglioma
d) Low-grade diffuse astrocytoma
View Answer
Explanation: Neuroblastoma is the most common neural related tumour in children. But the outlook of the disease is better as the tumour regress with age. The cure rate for this tumour is approximately 90% in children.
5. Which of the following tumour is specifically in abdomen?
a) Oligodendroglioma
b) Glioblastoma
c) Ependymoma
d) Neuroblastoma
View Answer
Explanation: Neuroblastoma is common neural related tumour in children whose specific location is abdomen. It has the survival rate of approximately 90%.
6. Which of the following tumour does not have cerebral hemisphere as primary location?
a) Ependymoma
b) Low grade diffuse astrocytoma
c) Glioblastoma
d) Oligodendroglioma
View Answer
Explanation: Ependymoma is a grade IV tumour which has ventricles and spinal cord as its primary location. It occurs in all age groups. Low grade diffuse astrocytoma, Glioblastoma and Oligodendroglioma has cerebral hemispheres as its primary location.
7. Which of the following tumour occurs due to the loss of hetrozygosity?
a) Low-grade diffuse astrocytoma
b) Ependymoma
c) Glioblastoma
d) Medulloblastoma
View Answer
Explanation: Glioblastoma is a grade IV tumour having cerebral hemisphere as its primary location. It occurs generally in adults and has very low survival rate. It occurs due to loss of hetrozygosity in chromosome 10. Apart from it, it also occurs due to EGFR amplification, PTEN mutation and p16 deletion.
8. Which of the following cancer is caused due to red and processed meat?
a) Larynx
b) Pancreas
c) Colorectum
d) Lungs
View Answer
Explanation: Larynx cancer is generally caused due to alcohol. Pancreas and Lung cancer is generally caused due to smoking. Colorectum cancer is generally caused due to obesity and red and processed meat.
9. Which of the following mutation is not linked to acute promyelotic leukemia?
a) E2A-PBX1
b) PML-RARA
c) PLZF-RARA
d) NPM-RARA
View Answer
Explanation: E2A-PBX1 mutation is caused due to translocation of (1:19) chromosome leading to acute lymphoblastic leukemia. PML-RARA mutation is due to translocation of (15; 17) chromosome, whereas NPM-RARA and PLZF-RARA mutation is due to translocation of (11; 17) chromosome leading to acute promyelotic leukemia.
10. Which of the following is not the tumour of Neuroepithelial tissue?
a) Astrocytoma
b) Meningioma
c) Oligodendroglioma
d) Medulloblastoma
View Answer
Explanation: Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma and Medulloblastoma are tumours related to Neuroepithelial tissue. Whereas, Meningioma is related to meningeal tumour. Meningioma arises from meninges which is a membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord.
11. Which of the following tumour is nearly common for all age groups?
a) Neuroblastoma
b) Glioblastoma
c) Medulloblastoma
d) Ependymoma
View Answer
Explanation: Neuroblastoma is the most common neural related cancer in children. Glioblastoma occurs mostly in adults. Medulloblastoma occurs more in children as compared to adults. Whereas, ependymoma is nearly common among all age groups.
12. Which among the following tumour has optic nerves as its primary location?
a) Ependymoma
b) Medulloblastoma
c) Pilocytic astrocytoma
d) Neuroblastoma
View Answer
Explanation: Pilocytic astrocytoma is a grade I tumour which has cerebellum and optic nerves as its primary location. It occurs mainly in children. Ependymoma has ventricles and spinal cord as its primary location. Whereas, Medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma has cerebellum and abdomen as its primary location respectively.
13. Cancer progresses with age.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Cancer is a disease of aging. The cancer incidence rises at age 40-80. This is due to gathered genetic alterations, telomere dysfunction, altered tissue stroma as tissues age, etc.
14. Which of the following cancer is related to Ataxi telangiectasia syndrome?
a) Retinoblastoma
b) Thyroid
c) Lymphoma
d) Colorectal
View Answer
Explanation: Ataxi telangiectasia syndrome is caused due to single genetic defect in ATM gene. This genetic alteration occurs at 11q22 location at chromosome leading to lymphoma as well as Leukemia cancer.
15. Which of the following cancer is related to Cowden syndrome?
a) Sarcoma
b) Thyroid
c) Glioma
d) Colorectal
View Answer
Explanation: Cowden syndrome is caused due to single genetic defect in PTEN gene. This genetic alteration occurs at 10q22 location at chromosome leading to thyroid as well as breast cancer.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Cancer Biology.
To practice all areas of Cancer Biology, here is complete set of Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
