Biomedical Instrumentation Questions and Answers – Transmission of Analog Physiological Signals Over Telephone

This set of Biomedical Instrumentation online quiz focuses on “Transmission of Analog Physiological Signals Over Telephone”.

1. What is the principle behind Doppler velocimetry working?
a) amplitude measurement of fiber optic sensor
b) frequency measurement of fiber optic sensor
c) time shift measurement of fiber optic sensor
d) phase measurement of fiber optic sensor
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Doppler velocimetry works on the principle of frequency measurement of fiber optic sensor. The moving red blood cells scatter the light and produce a Doppler frequency shift because of their movement. In this method, light from a laser, normally helium/neon, is sent via a fibre onto the skin surface.

2. Which of the following is the principle behind Fluoroptic temperature sensors working?
a) optical fiber
b) thermistor
c) thermocouple
d) rtd
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: They contain a rare earth phosphor which is illuminated by a white light along a short length of large core optical fibre. Fluoroptic temperature sensors work on the principle of optical fiber sensors. The light excites the phosphor which emits a number of lines. By using filters, two of these lines at 540 and 630 nm are selected, and the ratio of their intensities is a single valued function of the temperature of the phosphor.

3. Monopolar needle electrode has a coating of______________ material over the stainless steel wires which are bare only at the tips.
a) carbon
b) calcium
c) teflon
d) sodium
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The wire is bare only at the tip. The monopolar needle electrode consists of a teflon coated stainless steel wire. It is found that after the needle has been used a number of times, the teflon coating will recede, increasing the tip area. The needle should be discarded when this happens.
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4. Which of the following sensor is used for Endoscopic imaging?
a) thermal sensors
b) optic fiber sensors
c) chemical sensors
d) pressure sensors
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Optical fibre sensors are non-electrical and hence are free from electrical interference usually associated with electronically based sensors. Optic sensors are used for endoscopic imaging. They are suitable for telemetry applications as the bulk of the instrumentation can be at a reasonable distance from the patient.

5. Which of the following component converts biochemical events into measurable signals?
a) amplifier
b) opamp
c) rectifier
d) transducer
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Transducers convert biochemical events into measurable signals. They provide the means for detecting the biochemical changes inside the body. Particularly biosensors are employed for this purpose.
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6. Which of the following is used to determine the biological response of the biosensor?
a) artificial membrane
b) chemical membrane
c) physio-chemical membrane
d) biocatalytic membrane
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The biocatalytic membrane accomplishes the conversion of reactant to product. The product of the reaction diffuses to the transducer. The biological response of the biosensor is determined by biocatalytic membrane. This then causes the electrical response.

7. What is the working principle behind Home blood glucose sensor?
a) electro-physiological
b) electrochemical
c) chemical
d) physio-chemical
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Home blood glucose detection sensor works on the principle of electrochemical. The biosensor in this instrument relies upon enzymes that recognize and catalyze reactions of glucose with the generation of redox – active species that are detected electrochemically.
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8. ____________ is a wireless ECG acquiring system.
a) pregelled disposable electrodes
b) smart pad
c) pasteless electrodes
d) limb electrodes
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Smart pad is a system that displays patients electrocardiogram signals without adhesive pads, wires or active intervention from a clinician. The selected electrodes are used to provide a differential 3 lead measurement of the patient’s ECG, which is then transmitted wirelessly and displayed on a laptop computer. The system automatically selects three electrodes from an array of Cu/Ni fabric based electrodes patterned on a thin pad on which the patient lies.

9. Home blood glucose measurement devices measure the glucose level through an invasive method.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: There is a small needle at the tip of the machine that pierces the skin to take a blood sample. Home blood glucose measurement devices measure the glucose level through invasive method. This blood is then undergoes electrochemical reactions and the glucose level is determined.
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10. Blood glucose level measurement device uses a biosensor works on the principle of _____________
a) electromechanical
b) electrochemical
c) electrothermal
d) electroresistive
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The biosensor in this instrument relies upon enzymes that recognise and catalyze reactions of glucose with the generation of redox – active species that are detected electrochemically. Home blood glucose detection sensor works on the principle of electrochemical.

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Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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