This set of Class 12 Biology Chapter 15 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation”.
1. How do urbanization and an increase in population affect biodiversity?
a) Making land more productive
b) Loss of flora and fauna
c) More growth of flora and fauna
d) Increasing land’s agricultural capability
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Explanation: Urbanization means the increasing number of people that live in urban areas due to shifting from rural areas to urban areas. It affects the population density and leads to more loss of flora and fauna since more space for residence is occupied by humans.
2. What is the protection and conservation of species in their natural habitat called?
a) In-situ conservation
b) Ex-situ conservation
c) Off-site conservation
d) No conservation
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Explanation: The on-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) in their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is called in-situ conservation. Areas such as biosphere reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries are the places were in-situ conservation is done.
3. What is the protection and conservation of species outside their natural habitat called?
a) No conservation
b) Ex-situ conservation
c) On-site conservation
d) In-situ conservation
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Explanation: The off-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) outside their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is known as ex-situ conservation. Areas such as botanical gardens, zoos, Gene banks, Tissue culture banks are the places were ex-situ conservation is done.
4. In which approach do we protect and conserve the whole ecosystem to protect the endangered species?
a) Ex-situ conservation
b) Off-site conservation
c) No conservation
d) In-situ conservation
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Explanation: The on-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) in their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is called in-situ conservation. In this, we conserve and protect the whole ecosystem for the protection of endangered species.
5. In which approach do we protect and conserve the animals that need urgent measures to save it from extinction?
a) In-situ conservation
b) On-site conservation
c) Ex-situ conservation
d) No conservation
View Answer
Explanation: The off-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) outside their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is known as ex-situ conservation. It is the approach in which we protect and conserve the animals that need urgent measures to save it from extinction.
6. What are the species confined to a particular region and not found anywhere else called?
a) Pandemic
b) Endemic
c) Extinct
d) Vulnerable
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Explanation: Endemism is the ecological state of the species being confined to a particular region or only in one geographic region and not found anywhere else. Such species are known as endemic species. Some examples are Asiatic lion, Purple frog, Sangai deer, Sapria Himalayana, etc.
7. How many total biodiversity hotspots are present throughout the world?
a) 20
b) 80
c) 55
d) 34
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Explanation: A biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity having a large number of endemic species that are threatened by human habitation is known as biodiversity hotspots. In all, there are 34 biodiversity hotspots present throughout the world.
8. Which of the following is an odd one?
a) Corbett National Park
b) Ghana Bird Sanctuary
c) Western Ghats
d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
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Explanation: The Western Ghats is the odd one from others. The Western Ghats are the biodiversity hotspots having exceptionally high biodiversity.
9. How much area of the Earth’s surface do the biodiversity hotspots cover?
a) 8 %
b) 5 %
c) 10 %
d) 2 %
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Explanation: A biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity having a large number of endemic species that are threatened by human habitation is known as biodiversity hotspots. In all, there are 34 biodiversity hotspots present throughout the world covering up to 2 % of the Earth’s surface.
10. What is the number of biosphere reserves present throughout the world?
a) 24
b) 44
c) 14
d) 04
View Answer
Explanation: Biosphere reserves are the protected geographical areas where along with flora and fauna human population also forms a part of the system. In all, there are 14 biosphere reserves in India. Nanda Devi, Manas, Panchmarhi are few examples of biosphere reserves.
11. What is the number of national parks India consisting of?
a) 19
b) 90
c) 29
d) 120
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Explanation: A reserved area where activities like forestry, grazing, or cultivation are not allowed for the betterment of the wildlife. India consists of 90 national parks including Gir National Park, Silent Valley National Park, Corbett National Park, Kanger Ghati National Park, etc.
12. What is the number of wildlife sanctuaries India consisting of?
a) 900
b) 400
c) 448
d) 580
View Answer
Explanation: A protected area in which human activities like harvesting and collecting minor forest products are allowed such that they do not interfere with the well-being of animals and only the animals are conserved is known as the wildlife sanctuaries. India consists of 448 wildlife sanctuaries including Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary, etc.
13. By which of the following technique the gametes of threatened species are preserved in viable and fertile conditions for long periods?
a) Botanical gardens
b) Cryopreservation techniques
c) Zoological parks
d) Wildlife safari parks
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Explanation: The technique by which the gametes, organelles, cells, tissues, or any other biological construct is preserved by cooling the samples to very low temperatures such that they remain in viable and fertile conditions for long periods is known as cryopreservation. It is used for the conservation of the threatened species.
14. Which of the following is an odd one?
a) Botanical gardens
b) Zoological parks
c) Wildlife safari parks
d) National parks
View Answer
Explanation: National park is the odd one out since it is an approach of in-situ conservation while the rest is used for ex-situ conservation. The on-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) in their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is called in-situ conservation.
15. Which of the following is an odd one?
a) Zoological parks
b) Biosphere reserves
c) National parks
d) Wildlife sanctuaries
View Answer
Explanation: Zoological park is the odd one out since it is an approach of ex-situ conservation while the rest is used for in-situ conservation. The off-site or the protection and conservation of species (genetic resources) outside their natural habitat (populations of plant or animal species) is known as ex-situ conservation.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biology – Class 12.
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