Biotechnology and its Applications MCQ

This set of Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Biotechnology and its Applications”. These MCQs are created based on the latest CBSE syllabus and the NCERT curriculum, offering valuable assistance for exam preparation.

1. What does the second critical research area of biotechnology provide?
a) Optimum conditions for the catalyst
b) The pure form of catalyst
c) An impure form of catalyst
d) Purification of products
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: There are three critical research areas in biotechnology. They are 1. It provides the best catalyst in the form of an improved organism (transformants) usually a microbe or pure enzyme. 2. It creates optimum conditions for the catalyst by the method of genetic engineering. 3. Purification of products by downstream processing.

2. What is the green revolution related to?
a) Milk
b) Agriculture
c) Water
d) Animals
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The green revolution is related to agriculture. It occurred between 1950-1960 and mainly focused on increasing agricultural production. It started in Mexico.

3. Who was the leader of the green revolution?
a) Verghese Kurien
b) Neel Kranti
c) Napoleon Bonaparte
d) Norman Borlaug
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The Green revolution is related to Norman Borlaug. Neel Kranti is the name assigned to the blue revolution by the Indian government. Napoleon Bonaparte led the French revolution while the “Father of White Revolution” is Verghese Kurien.

4. Who led the green revolution in India?
a) Neel Kranti
b) Verghese Kurien
c) M.S. Swaminathan
d) M.K. Gandhi
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The green revolution in India was founded by M.S. Swaminathan. It was a part of the green revolution led by Norman Borlaug. It focused on increasing the agricultural yield, especially in states of Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.

5. GMO stands for _______
a) Genetically Matured Organisms
b) Genetically Mental Organs
c) Genetically Modified Organisms
d) Genetically Mutant Organism
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organisms. The genes of these organisms have been manipulated to obtain the desired product. GMO can be a plant, bacteria, fungi or animal.

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6. An important objective of biotechnology in the area of agriculture is ________
a) to decrease seed number
b) to produce pest-resistant varieties of plants
c) to increase phosphorous, nitrogen production
d) to reduce the number of plants
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: An important objective of biotechnology in the area of agriculture is to produce pest-resistant varieties of plants. This will help in less wasting of crops with high yield. It will also give more products in less time and space.

7. A GM crop is _______
a) mature crop
b) infected crop
c) raised to green manure
d) transgenic crop
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: GM stands for Genetically Modified. A GM crop is a transgenic crop in which the genes of the desired crop are changed by manipulations using various methods. This method gives a high yield without waste of crops.

8. An example of abiotic stress is ________
a) pest
b) insect
c) drought
d) vectors
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Abiotic stress is the negative impact of the non-living factors on the environment. Stress is created when this non-living factor influences the environment beyond its normal range. Examples of abiotic stress are drought, cold, heat, salt, etc.

9. GM rice is enriched with vitamin _____
a) K
b) D
c) A
d) E
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: GM rice is enriched with vitamin A. it is also known as golden rice. Gm rice produces beta carotene which is a precursor of vitamin A. Vitamin A is important for growth and development and for good vision.

10. Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called ______
a) Bacillus thuringiensis
b) Bacillus anthracis
c) Bacillus thermophilus
d) Bacillus subtilis
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Bt stands for Bacillus thuringiensis. It is a bacterium that produces Bt toxin. In plants the gene of this toxin provides resistance against insects, thus there is no need for spraying insecticides on plants.

11. GMOs can minimize the use of fertilizers.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: GMOs can minimize the use of fertilizers. GMO’s itself has genes that can fight against the infectious organism’s thus giving high yield. It also has high nutritional content.

12. ________ was the first transgenic crop.
a) Potato
b) Brinjal
c) Cotton
d) Tobacco
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The first transgenic crop (GMO) was tobacco. It was developed in the year 1983. It was first commercially released in China in 1992. It was a virus-resistance plant.

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