This set of Class 12 Biology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Biotechnology Applications – Transgenic Animals – 2” for BDS-Dental Entrance Exam.
1. Transgenic animals are used for the production of biological products.
a) True
b) False
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Explanation: Transgenic animals are the ones whose DNA has been manipulated in such a way that they can possess and express an extra foreign gene. This gene gives an extra character to that animal. This property can be exploited for the production of many biological products such as hormones, antibodies, etc.
2. Biological products can be created with the help of transgenic animals by the introduction of a portion of ______
a) protein
b) gene
c) carbohydrate
d) fats
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Explanation: Biological products can be created with the help of transgenic animals by the introduction of a portion of a gene that code for that product. This gene will then express and give us the desired product.
3. What is used to treat emphysema?
a) Anti-pepsin
b) α-1-antitrypsin
c) Growth hormone
d) Insulin
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Explanation: α-1-antitrypsin is an inherited disorder. It causes lung and liver diseases. It may lead to emphysema. Thus this emphysema can be cured by giving the person α-1-antitrypsin.
4. The first transgenic cow was produced in?
a) 1983
b) 1995
c) 1997
d) 2000
View Answer
Explanation: The first transgenic cow was produced in 1997. In 1983, Kary Mullis developed PCR. The genome of Haemophilus influenzae was sequenced. 2000 was the year of completion of the Human Genome Project.
5. The name of the first transgenic cow was _____
a) Dolly
b) Mary
c) Elle
d) Rosie
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Explanation: The first transgenic cow was produced in 1997. The first transgenic cow named Rosie produced human-protein enriched milk that was rich in human alpha-lactalbumin protein.
6. The first transgenic cow produced ______ grams protein per liter of milk.
a) 5
b) 2.4
c) 3
d) 3.4
View Answer
Explanation: The first transgenic cow named Rosie produced human-protein enriched milk. This milk contained 2.4 grams of protein per liter.
7. The milk produced by transgenic cow contained _______ protein.
a) insulin
b) human alpha-lactalbumin
c) human albumin
d) casein
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Explanation: The milk produced by transgenic cow contained human alpha-lactalbumin protein. It is also known as LALBA and it regulates the production of lactose in the milk. It is present in almost all mammalian species.
8. Attempts are being made to treat ________ using transgenic animals.
a) emphysema
b) fatigue
c) phenylketonuria
d) fever
View Answer
Explanation: Transgenic animals useful in better understanding and finding new treatments against a particular disease. Several attempts are made to treat phenylketonuria using transgenic animals. Phenylketonuria is an inherited disorder in which there is an increased level of amino acid phenylalanine in the body.
9. The milk produced by transgenic cows containing human alpha-lactalbumin is not more balanced than natural cow milk.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The milk produced by transgenic cows containing human alpha-lactalbumin is more balanced than natural cow milk. Alpha-lactalbumin is important for the production of milk and is an essential source of many amino acids.
10. Attempts are being made to treat ________ using transgenic animals.
a) cough
b) fever
c) cystic fibrosis
d) fatigue
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Explanation: Transgenic animals useful in better understanding and finding new treatments against a particular disease. Several attempts are made to treat cystic fibrosis using transgenic animals. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited, genetic, life-threatening disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system.
11. Most widely used animal for testing vaccine safety is _______
a) mice
b) rabbits
c) pigs
d) monkeys
View Answer
Explanation: The most widely used animal for testing vaccine safety is monkeys. Primates are commonly used because their metabolic pathway is similar to humans. Monkeys are used to test the behavior vaccines against various diseases.
12. How much % of transgenic mice is used?
a) 80%
b) 75%
c) 95%
d) 85%
View Answer
Explanation: Many transgenic animals have been produced to date like transgenic sheep, rabbits, fish, cows, pigs, etc. But the maximum number i.e. approximately 95% of transgenic animals are transgenic mice. They are extensively used in various biotechnology experiments.
13. Which animal is used for testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans?
a) Monkey
b) Cattle
c) Pigs
d) Mice
View Answer
Explanation: Monkeys are widely used for testing vaccine safety before they are used on humans. Primates are commonly used because their metabolic pathway is similar to humans. They show similar reactions to that of humans against any vaccine.
14. Monkeys are being used to test the safety of _______ vaccine.
a) flu
b) polio
c) headache
d) fatigue
View Answer
Explanation: Monkeys are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. The kidney cells of monkeys were used to test the polio vaccine before using it on humans.
15. Which animal is being developed to replace the monkeys for vaccine testing?
a) Transgenic mice
b) Transgenic cow
c) Transgenic pig
d) Transgenic rabbit
View Answer
Explanation: Nowadays transgenic mice are being developed to replace monkeys for vaccine testing. Mice are also used to test a vaccine against various diseases such as polio and are also used for the preparation of antibodies and various biological products.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biology – Class 12.
To practice all chapters and topics of Biology for BDS-Dental Entrance Exam, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
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