Organisms and Populations MCQ

This set of Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Organisms and Populations”. These MCQs are created based on the latest CBSE syllabus and the NCERT curriculum, offering valuable assistance for exam preparation.

1. What is a group of individuals belonging to the same species within an ecosystem called?
a) Species
b) Population
c) Biomes
d) Manipulation
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: A group of individuals belonging to the same species within an ecosystem is called population. The population is the level of the organization after an organism. Various organisms come together and start residing at the same place known as population.

2. For what is the interaction among organisms is necessary?
a) Attraction
b) Survival
c) Infection
d) Death
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The interaction among organisms is necessary for survival within their environment. Survival is the state of being alive. Organisms are inter-depending on one another of their well-being.

3. Maximum productivity is found in which of the following ecosystem?
a) Grassland
b) Desert
c) Temperate forests
d) Tropical rainforests
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Maximum productivity is found in an ecosystem of tropical rainforests. It is a place where there is no dry season and continuous precipitation. It is also known as evergreen forests.

4. Which one of the following is an example of the man-made terrestrial ecosystem?
a) Botanical gardens
b) Grasslands
c) Rivers
d) Forests
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Botanical gardens are a man-made terrestrial ecosystem. It is a place where various plants are collected, cultivated, preserved and displayed for the purposes of research and education. It is also used for the conservation of rare and endangered species of plants.

5. Which type of forest is found near the equator?
a) Coniferous forests
b) Grasslands
c) Tropical forests
d) Deciduous forests
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Tropical forests are found near the equator. They are situated 28° above (north) or below (south) of the equator. These are the forests where there is continuous rainfall and maximum diversity is observed.

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6. Which of the following is an example of an artificial ecosystem?
a) Forest
b) Rice field
c) Lake
d) Grassland
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Rice field is an artificial man-made ecosystem. It is mainly practiced in China where paddy is the staple food. This ecosystem involves paddy (rice), fishes, microbes and various other environmental factors such as space and time.

7. What are the functional units of nature, where organisms interact with each other and their surroundings?
a) Stratification
b) Zonation
c) Environment
d) Ecosystem
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The functional unit of nature, where organisms interact with each other and their surroundings is called an ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic components that interact within a system. The components are linked together with various nutrient cycles and energy flows.

8. What is the place where a particular organism lives called?
a) Factors
b) Niche
c) Habitat
d) Environment
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The place where a particular organism lives called a habitat. It is a place where an organism can find shelter, food, mates for reproduction and, protection from predators. It depends on both biological and physical factors present within it.

9. What is the physical space occupied by the organism called?
a) Trophic niche
b) Unique niche
c) Multidimensional niche
d) Spatial niche
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The spatial niche is the physical space occupied by the organism. It is also known as a habitat niche. It is a microhabitat, space occupied by the same species of an organism. The same habitat cannot be occupied by two different species.

10. Which type of components are proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates?
a) Biotic
b) Artificial
c) Abiotic
d) Temperate
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates are the abiotic components. They are the non-living factors present or used in an environment. Some other examples of abiotic factors are sunlight, water, air, etc.

11. Which one of the following is a man-made aquatic ecosystem?
a) Desert
b) Aquarium
c) Pond
d) River
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Aquarium is an example of a man-made aquatic ecosystem. It is a place where aquatic animals and plants either marine or freshwater are displayed, conserved and studied. It has at least one transparent side for observation.

12. Which one of the following is an abiotic factor?
a) Bacteria
b) Plants
c) Climate
d) Animals
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Climate is an abiotic factor affecting the stability of an ecosystem. It is the long-term average of atmospheric conditions or weather. It tells about various weather conditions such as rainfall, temperature, snow, etc. of a particular region.

13. Which of the following is an artificial ecosystem?
a) Forests
b) Croplands
c) Deserts
d) Estuaries
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Cropland is an example of an artificial man-made ecosystem. It consists of crops like rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, etc. The components of any cropland are producers (any crop along with weeds), consumers (primary, secondary, tertiary) and decomposers.

14. What kind of interaction does an ecosystem involve?
a) Individual
b) Population
c) Biotic factors
d) Communities and their physical environment
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: An ecosystem involves interaction among communities and their physical environment. It is the functional unit of nature. It involves biotic and abiotic components. This ecosystem may be natural or artificial (man-made).

15. Which of the following an abiotic component?
a) Light
b) Plants
c) Planktons
d) Animals
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Among the following light is the odd one out since it is an abiotic factor. It is one of the limiting factors important for plant growth and development. It is an essential component required for photosynthesis and plant life.

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