This set of Class 12 Biology Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Biodiversity – Number of Species on Earth and in India” for Pharmacy Entrance Exam.
1. What does IUCN stand for?
a) International Union for Control of Disease
b) International Union for Conservation of Nature
c) International Unit of Nucleic acids
d) International Union of Carbohydrates and Nucleic acids
View Answer
Explanation: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) was founded on 5 October 1948 in France by Julian Huxley. It is working in the field of conservation of nature and sustainable use of natural resources.
2. How many plant and animal species have been discovered and described so far?
a) 1.5 million
b) 4.5 million
c) 1.5 billion
d) 4.5 billion
View Answer
Explanation: The biosphere of Earth is heterogeneous in nature and shows immense diversity. There are more than slightly more than 1.5 million species known and still many species are yet to be discovered and described.
3. What is the global species diversity according to Robert May?
a) 70 million
b) 7 million
c) 2 million
d) 20 million
View Answer
Explanation: Robert McCredie May is a theoretical ecologist and promoter of science. He estimated that there are almost 7 million species globally.
4. Out of the total species estimated, how many species are of animals?
a) 2 %
b) 50 %
c) 7 %
d) 70 %
View Answer
Explanation: Based on the currently available species inventories of Earth, out of all species recorded, more than 70 percent of species are of animals. Animals are the consumers that depend on producers for their energy requirements.
5. Of all the species recorded, what percent do plants comprise of?
a) 10 %
b) 50 %
c) 22 %
d) 2 %
View Answer
Explanation: Based on the currently available species inventories of Earth, out of all species recorded, almost 22 percent of species are of plants. These include all the known species of (including algae, fungi, bryophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
6. Of all the animal species recorded, what percent do insects comprise of?
a) 7 %
b) 70 %
c) 50 %
d) 2 %
View Answer
Explanation: Among animals, insects are said to be the most species-rich taxonomic group. Insects are hexapod invertebrates belonging to phylum Arthropoda. Out of all known animal species, 70 percent is comprised of insects.
7. Which is the most species-rich taxonomic group?
a) Molluscs
b) Crustaceans
c) Echinoderms
d) Insects
View Answer
Explanation: Among animals, insects are said to be the most species-rich taxonomic group. Insects are hexapod invertebrates belonging to phylum Arthropoda. Out of all known animal species, 70 percent is comprised of insects.
8. Of all the vertebrate species recorded which class has the maximum number of species?
a) Amphibians
b) Mammals
c) Fishes
d) Reptiles
View Answer
Explanation: Fishes are limbless cold-blooded vertebrate gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals. They commonly have fins and are covered with scales. Of all the vertebrate species recorded, fishes have the maximum number of species.
9. Of all the plant species recorded which class has the minimum number of species?
a) Angiosperms
b) Fungi
c) Algae
d) Lichens
View Answer
Explanation: The mutualistic relationship between a fungus and photosynthesizing algae is called lichens. Of all the plant species recorded, lichens have the minimum number of species. They are used in the food industry, making dyes and have medicinal use.
10. How much of the world’s land area, India has?
a) 1 percent
b) 40 percent
c) 2.4 percent
d) 80 percent
View Answer
Explanation: Of the entire world’s land area, India has 2.4 percent. India with a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometers that is 1,269,219 square miles is said to be the seventh-largest country in the world.
11. Which of the following species is present in India?
a) Koala
b) Sloth bear
c) Kangaroo
d) Wombats
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Explanation: Out of the total global species diversity, India contributes 8.1 percent. Out of this sloth bear is found in India, while rest others are marsupials that are mostly found in Australia.
12. Which of the following species is native of India?
a) Rhodes grass
b) Jackalberry tree
c) Ebony tree
d) Umbrella thorn acacia
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Explanation: India is home to approximately 45,000 plant species. Ebony tree (Diospyros celibica) is the native of India. It is a threatened species found in Karnataka.
13. Considering May’s global estimates, how many of the total species have been recorded?
a) 1 percent
b) 22 percent
c) 10 percent
d) 50 percent
View Answer
Explanation: Robert McCredie May is a theoretical ecologist and promoter of science. He estimated that there are almost 7 million species globally. Considering May’s global estimates, only 22 percent of the total species have been recorded.
14. Considering May’s global estimates, how many of the plant species are yet to be discovered and described in India?
a) 500
b) 100
c) 5,00,000
d) 1,00,000
View Answer
Explanation: Robert McCredie May estimated that there are almost 7 million species globally. Considering May’s global estimates and applying this proportion to India’s diversity figures, we can say that there are more than 1,00,000 plant species yet to be discovered and described in India.
15. Considering May’s global estimates, how many of the animal species are yet to be discovered and described in India?
a) 3,00,000
b) 300
c) 30
d) 3
View Answer
Explanation: Robert McCredie May estimated that there are almost 7 million species globally. Considering May’s global estimates and applying this proportion to India’s diversity figures, we can say that there are more than 3,00,000 animal species yet to be discovered and described in India.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biology – Class 12.
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