This set of Class 12 Biology Chapter 10 Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Microbes in Industrial Products-4”.
1. Which of the following is not an industrial product of microbe?
a) Antibiotics
b) Bioactive molecules
c) Toddy
d) Beverages
View Answer
Explanation: Toddy is not an industrial product of microbes. Microbes are used to synthesise several products valuable to human beings. Some of the industrial products of microbes include antibiotics, bioactive molecules, enzymes, beverages, etc.
2. What does the given figure represent?
a) Fermentor
b) Reactor
c) Activator
d) Eliminator
View Answer
Explanation: This is a pictorial representation of fermentors.
Fermentors are very large vessels in which microbes are grown on an industrial scale and their products are used for various commercial purposes.
3. What does antibiotic mean?
a) Against life
b) Towards life
c) Without life
d) With biotics
View Answer
Explanation: Anti is a Greek word that means ‘against’ and bio means ‘life’, together they mean ‘against life’ (in the context of disease-causing organisms). These antibiotics kill the bacteria or slows down their rate of their reproduction.
4. Who discovered the full potential of an antibiotic?
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Ernest Chain
c) Ernst Haeckel
d) Louis Pasteur
View Answer
Explanation: The full potential of an antibiotic (Penicillin discovered at that time) was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey. This antibiotic was extensively used to treat American soldiers wounded in World War II.
5. After Penicillin, other antibiotics were also purified from other microbes.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: After Penicillin, other antibiotics were also purified from other microbes. For example, Erythromycin is obtained from Streptomyces erythreus, Bacitracin is obtained from Bacillus subtilis, Neomycin from Streptomyces fradiae, etc.
6. Which of the following organism is used to obtain Streptokinase?
a) Yeast
b) Bacteria
c) Protozoa
d) Algae
View Answer
Explanation: Streptokinase is produced by the bacterium Streptococcus and is modified by genetic engineering to be used as a clot-buster from removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have undergone myocardial infarction leading to a heart attack.
7. What is the full form of TPA?
a) Tissue plasminogen activator
b) Tissue plasma activator
c) Tract of Pancreas
d) Thymus-Pancreas Activator
View Answer
Explanation: Streptokinase is also called as Tissue Plasminogen Activator or TPA which is obtained from haemolytic Streptococcus species and modified genetically to be useful in human beings.
8. Which of the following is used as an immunosuppressant?
a) Cyclosporin A
b) Statin
c) Streptokinase
d) Penicillin
View Answer
Explanation: Cyclosporin A is used as an immunosuppressant agent in the organ transplant patients and is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.
9. Statins are produced by a fungus.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Statins are produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus and it has been commercialized as blood-cholesterol-lowering agent. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol.
10. Which of the following is not a correct statement regarding steroids?
a) Used medicinally in correcting hormonal imbalance
b) Complex crystallisable lipids
c) Constituents of the cell membrane
d) Deficiency causes scurvy
View Answer
Explanation: Steroids are complex crystallisable lipids. They are constituents of cell membranes, hormones and some important biochemical like cholesterol, progesterone, oestrogen, testosterone, etc. They are also used medicinally for correcting hormonal imbalance.’
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