This set of Basic Environmental Biotechnology Questions and Answers focuses on “Microbial Transformations of Pesticides – Beta – Oxidation”.
1. Which of the following causes Beta-oxidation contamination of the whole habitat?
a) Water
b) Cow dung
c) Agricultural pesticides
d) Crops
View Answer
Explanation: Agricultural pesticides causes contamination of the whole habitat by its release into the environment causing damage to the surroundings. Cow dung is a natural fertilizer which helps in the proper growth of the plants, whereas, water and crops themselves don’t pose any threat of contamination to the environment.
2. Which of the following is least affected by the toxicants released from the Beta-oxidation pesticide directly?
a) Surface water
b) Sediment
c) Biota
d) Target crop
View Answer
Explanation: Target crop is benefited by the pesticide in short run but when this pesticide seep into the ground it reaches the surface water, sediment, biota and the soil, thereby causing major damage to the environment the other habitants. Target crop is least affected by the toxicants released from the pesticide directly as long as the insects and pests don’t harm the plants or crops.
3. The Beta-oxidation pesticides get accumulated in the food chain in higher order.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: The pesticide gets accumulated in the food chain at various stages in higher order than the actual concentration. The pesticide gets transported within the food chain from one order to the next order. So, this results in increase in the concentration of a pesticides.
4. Which of the following is categorized as pesticide used in India?
a) Atrazine
b) Simazine
c) Benomyle
d) Cytotoxic drugs
View Answer
Explanation: Atrazine, simazine, benomyle, all of these are basic insecticides used in the industry for production of insecticide in India. These are very commonly used in India, whereas, cytotoxic drugs are used as old expired medicines and hence, it’s not an insecticide. Insecticide usually helps to kill and control the population of insects but cytotoxic drug is not categorized as pesticides.
5. Which of the following is not a main purpose of using pesticide in agricultural lands?
a) Larger yield
b) Oily sludge
c) Reduce energy input
d) High quality
View Answer
Explanation: Oily sludge is a waste that accumulates in motor, it is basically a solid blended waste produced in the petroleum industry and is not produced in the agricultural lands. Larger yield of the crops in the agricultural lands, Reduced energy input and labor, thereby producing higher quality crops are the basic objectives of using pesticide in agricultural lands.
6. Insecticide and fungicides are very important to protect the stored food.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Pesticides in general are used to protect the food stored in the storage tanks from insects, beetles, moths, larvae etc. which destroy the food completely. So, it is very important to use Insecticide and fungicides to protect the stored food. Also, for the disinfection of the mills and other sites of the storage areas.
7. Which of the following type pf pesticide is widely used in forestry?
a) Acaricides
b) Nematicides
c) Fungicide
d) Herbicides
View Answer
Explanation: Herbicides are the type of pesticides which are used to kill or control unwanted plants. This helps in choking of young trees and plants by weed growth. Whereas, acaricides, nematicides, fungicide are the pesticides that helps to control mites, nematodes and fungus respectively, thereby killing the organism and decreasing their number.
8. Which of the following is an organochlorine insecticide?
a) Gamma BHC
b) Bethrin
c) Diuron
d) Mameb
View Answer
Explanation: Gamma BHC and DDT are the most common insecticide used in India. DDT are a group of organochlorine insecticide. Bethrin is a group of Pyrethroids, Diuron is a group of phenyl urea pesticide, Mameb are basically group of organometallic compounds. These all are group of pesticides but not categorized as organochlorine insecticide.
9. Which of the following system is affected by DDT pesticide?
a) Nervous system
b) Circulatory system
c) Heart
d) Digestive system
View Answer
Explanation: Nervous system is most affected by the organochlorine insecticide i.e. the DDT. The group of insecticide produces its activity by affecting the functioning of the nervous system. The molecule interferes with the activity of the ionic permeability of nerve cell membranes, whereas, Circulatory system, heart, digestive system is not certainly affected by the organochlorine insecticide like DDT and Gamma BHC.
10. Which of the following is not present in carbamate insecticides?
a) Carbaryl
b) Plant toxin
c) Physostigmine
d) Diuron
View Answer
Explanation: Carbamate insecticides comprises of carbaryl, plant toxin, physostigmine, pirimicarb etc. They have high toxicity in case of mammals in general. Diuron is a group of phenyl urea pesticide and not carbamate insecticides. They act by the process called as carbamylation of the enzyme.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Environmental Biotechnology.
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