Automobile Engineering Questions and Answers – Vehicles and Powertrain

This set of Automobile Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Vehicles and Powertrain”.

1. What is running resistance of the vehicle?
a) Rolling resistance
b) Aerodynamic resistance
c) Sum of rolling and aerodynamic resistance
d) Traction force
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Running resistance is the sum of rolling and aerodynamic resistance. Frunning = Frolling + F aerodynamic = (μk * mvehicle * g) + (0.5 * ρ * Cdrag * Afront * V2). It is the resistance that will affect when the vehicle is running. Running resistance is directly proportional to the mass of the vehicle, frontal area, and velocity. Increasing any of the above parameters will increase running resistance. Tractive force is the effort from the powertrain. Rolling resistance is the frictional resistance that wheels have to overcome. Aerodynamic resistance is the drag force acting against the motion of the vehicle.

2. Suppose the road gradient is G = 10%. What is the corresponding angle (approximate value in radians)?
a) 5 rad
b) 0.1 rad
c) 1 rad
d) 10 rad
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: G = tan (α). For small angles α, tan (α) = α. Hence α = 10% = 0.1 rad. The corresponding angle for road gradient G = 10% is 0.1 rad.

3. If the vehicle mass is 800 kg, what is the gradient force (approximate value in N) caused by the road gradient 10%?
a) 500 N
b) 600 N
c) 700 N
d) 800 N
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Fgradient = mvehicle * g * sin (α). For small angle, sin (α) = α. Hence, α = 10% = 0.1 rad. Taking g = 10 m/s2, Fgradient = 800*10*0.1 = 800 N.
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4. What will happen if the traction force is negative?
a) The vehicle will accelerate
b) The vehicle will decelerate
c) The vehicle will first accelerate and then decelerate
d) The vehicle will run at a constant speed
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Fnet = mvehicle* avehicle = Ftraction – Frolling – Faerodynamic. If the Ftractionis negative, then Fnet will be more negative ⇒ avehicle is negative. Therefore the vehicle will decelerate.

5. Suppose the vehicle is running at a constant speed on the flat road with rolling resistance = 100 N and aerodynamic resistance = 100 N, what is the traction force required?
a) 100 N
b) 0 N
c) 200 N
d) 50 N
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Fnet = Ftraction – Frolling – Faerodynamic – Fgradient = 0 N (constant speed). Flat road ⇒ Fgradient = 0. Hence Ftraction = Frolling + Faerodynamic + Fgradient = 100 + 100 + 0 = 200 N.
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6. Which one of the curves below represents a road gradient of 10%, if the mass of the vehicle is 1 ton?
Find which curve represents road gradient of 10% if mass of the vehicle is 1 ton
a) B
b) A
c) D
d) C
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Fgradient = mvehicle * g * sin (α). For small angles α, sin (α) = α = G. At G = 10%, sin (α) = 0.1 = α. Hence Fgradient = 1000 * 9.81 * 0.1 = 981 N. Using G = 0% curve as base curve and at speed = 0 Kmph, curve B is higher than the G = 0% curve across the full speed range.

7. What will happen if the vehicle is made 50% heavier, but all other parameters remain the same?
a) The running resistance will decrease
b) The running resistance will increase
c) The running resistance will remain the same
d) The aerodynamic resistance will increase by a factor of 1.5 squared
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Frunning = Frolling + Faerodynamic = (μk * mvehicle * g) + (0.5 * ρ * Cdrag * Afront * V2). The running resistance is the sum of rolling and aerodynamic resistance. Running resistance is directly proportional to the mass of the vehicle. As the mass of vehicle increases rolling resistance increases and thus, the running resistance increases. The aerodynamic resistance is independent of the vehicle mass.
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8. If Frolling = 150 N, Faerodynamic = 400 N, Ftraction = 600 N, Fgradient = 0 N, what is the net force acting on the vehicle?
a) 100 N
b) 50 N
c) 550 N
d) 750 N
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Fnet = Ftraction – Frolling – Faerodynamic – Fgradient = 600 – 150 – 400 – 0 = 50 N.

9. If the traction resistance is equal to the total running resistance, then which of the following will happen?
a) The vehicle will accelerate
b) The vehicle will decelerate
c) The vehicle will run at a constant velocity
d) The vehicle will come to rest
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Ftraction = Frunning (given). Frunning = Frolling + Faerodynamic and Fnet = Ftraction – (Frolling + Faerodynamic). Fnet = Ftraction – Frunning = 0 N = mvehicle * avehicle ⇒ avehicle = 0 ⇒ Vvehicle = constant. Therefore the vehicle will run at a constant velocity.
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10. If the vehicle is running on the road having 10% gradient at a constant speed, then on flat road it will accelerate at approximately 1 m/s2 (All the parameters remain the same).
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: F net = Ftraction – Frolling – Faerodynamic – Fgradient. In case 1: Due to constant speed ⇒ avehicle = 0 ⇒ Fnet = 0 N and Ftraction = Frolling + Faerodynamic + F gradient. In case 2: Due to flat road, Fgradient = 0 N and Fnet = Ftraction – Frolling – Faerodynamic. As all parameter remain the same ⇒ Ftraction will be the same. Therefore Fnet = Fgradient. Fnet = mvehicle * avehicle = mvehicle * g * sin (α) = Fgrad. For small values, sin (α) = α. Therefore avehicle = g * α = 9.81 * 0.1 = 0.981 m/s2 which is approximately 1 m/s2.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Automobile Engineering.

To practice all areas of Automobile Engineering, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

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Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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