Antennas Questions and Answers – Radio Wave Propagation – Structure of Atmosphere

This set of Antennas Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Radio Wave Propagation – Structure of Atmosphere”.

1. Which of the following is the lowest layer of atmosphere?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Ionosphere
d) Outer atmosphere
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Troposphere is the lowest layer in the atmosphere ranging up to 15km. stratosphere lies at 50 to 90km and up to 400km ionosphere. Above 400km is the outer atmosphere.

2. What is the range of the region of calm from the earth surface?
a) 20- 70km
b) 2-15km
c) 150-400km
d) Above 400km
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Region of calm is also known as stratopause. It is at 20 to 70km. Troposphere is up to 15km and above 400km is the outer atmosphere.

3. In which of the following layer of atmosphere free electrons and ions are present?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Ionosphere
d) Outer atmosphere
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: In ionosphere ionization occurs so there are free electrons, positive and negative ions are also present. It is at 110- 400km range from earth surface.
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4. In stratosphere, the excess refractive index is given as ________ in terms of refractive index μ.
a) N=(μ-1)×10-6
b) N=(μ-1)×106
c) N=(1+μ)×10-6
d) N=(μ+1)×106
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The excess refractive index over unity in millionths is given by N=(μ-1)×10-6
Where refractive index μ=0.0003% greater than unity for troposphere.

5. G region is also known as _______
a) Outer atmosphere
b) Appleton layer
c) Kennelly Heaviside layer
d) Absorption layer
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Outer atmosphere is also known as G region. It lies above 400km from the earth surface. E layer is called as Kennelly Heaviside layer and F layer is called as Appleton layer. D layer is also known as absorption layer for short wave signal at HF.

6. Which of the following is the top region during night hours in ionosphere?
a) D layer
b) E layer
c) F2 layer
d) F layer
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: During night time D layer disappears and F1, F2 will combine to form a single F layer. So F layer is top in the Ionosphere during night hours and F2 is top at day time.

7. Ionospheric reflections in the shape of M –type occurs between Es and D layers
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Ionospheric reflections in the shape of M –type occurs between Es (layer formed due to the ions of clouds, thunderstorms etc) and higher F layers if the layers are smaller compared to the wavelengths. These M-type reflections take a single path in E layer.
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8. Which of the following layer is used mostly for the long distance communication?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Ionosphere
d) D layer during night hours
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Ionosphere is most widely used for long distance communication and it lies at 90 to 400km from earth surface. D layer is not present at night hours.

9. Stratosphere is present at _____ from earth surface.
a) 20- 70km
b) 2-15km
c) 150-400km
d) Above 400km
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Stratosphere is present at 20 to 70km from earth surface. Troposphere is up to 15km and above 400km is the outer atmosphere.
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10. During night hours, Ionosphere consists of how many layers?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: During night time D layer is not present. F1 and F2 layers get combined to form an F layer during night time. Therefore only two layers namely E and F are present at night time.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Antennas.

To practice all areas of Antennas, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]

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Manish Bhojasia - Founder & CTO at Sanfoundry
Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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