This tutorial explains Linux “dstat” command, options and its usage with examples.
Description :
Dstat is a versatile replacement for vmstat, iostat and ifstat. Dstat overcomes some of the limitations and adds some extra features.
Dstat allows you to view all of your system resources instantly, you can eg. compare disk usage in combination with interrupts from your IDE controller, or compare the network bandwidth numbers directly with the disk throughput (in the same interval).
Dstat also cleverly gives you the most detailed information in columns and clearly indicates in what magnitude and unit the output is displayed. Less confusion, less mistakes, more efficient.
Dstat is unique in letting you aggregate block device throughput for a certain diskset or network bandwidth for a group of interfaces, ie. you can see the throughput for all the block devices that make up a single filesystem or storage system.
Dstat allows its data to be directly written to a CSV file to be imported and used by OpenOffice, Gnumeric or Excel to create graphs.
Usage :
dstat [-afv] [options..] [delay [count]]
Options :
-c, –cpu
enable cpu stats
-C 0,3,total
include cpu0, cpu3 and total
-d, –disk
enable disk stats
-D total,hda
include hda and total
-g, –page
enable page stats
-i, –int
enable interrupt stats
-I 5,eth2
include int5 and interrupt used by eth2
-l, –load
enable load stats
-m, –mem
enable memory stats
-n, –net
enable network stats
-N eth1,total
include eth1 and total
-p, –proc
enable process stats
-r, –io
enable io stats (I/O requests completed)
-s, –swap
enable swap stats
-S swap1,total
include swap1 and total
-t, –time
enable time/date output
-T, –epoch
enable time counter (seconds since epoch)
-y, –sys
enable system stats
-a, –all
equals -cdngy (default)
-f, –full
expand -C, -D, -I, -N and -S discovery lists
-v, –vmstat
equals -pmgdsc -D total
Examples :
1. Give 5 updates with frequency of 1 second
$ dstat 1 5 You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default. ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system-- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw 3 1 95 1 0 0| 70k 22k| 0 0 | 958B 4050B| 103 409 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 45 207 2 0 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 48 234 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 56 238 2 0 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 56 219 3 1 96 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 61 260
2. Give 1 update with frequency of 5 seconds
$ dstat 5 1 You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default. ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system-- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw 3 1 95 1 0 0| 70k 22k| 0 0 | 957B 4046B| 103 408 0 0 100 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 0 0 | 0 0 | 42 198
3. Give cpu, disk and network informations’ 10 updates at a frequency of 5 seconds
$ dstat -cdn 5 10 ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send 3 1 95 1 0 0| 70k 22k| 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 1 1 99 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 4915B| 0 0 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 92B 61B 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 12B 12B 1 1 99 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 119B 30B 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 2458B| 37B 0
4. To send the output to a csv file for later use we can issue the following command:
dstat --output /tmp/myoutput_stats.csv -cdn
Contents of csv file :
$ cat myoutput_stats.csv "Dstat 0.7.2 CSV output" "Author:","Dag Wieers <[email protected]>",,,,"URL:","http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dstat/" "Host:","ubuntu",,,,"User:","abc" "Cmdline:","dstat --output /tmp/myoutput_stats.csv -cdn",,,,"Date:","06 Jul 2014 01:11:11 IST" "total cpu usage",,,,,,"dsk/total",,"net/total", "usr","sys","idl","wai","hiq","siq","read","writ","recv","send" 3.013,1.170,94.847,0.945,0.000,0.025,70983.248,22217.353,0.0,0.0 2.020,1.010,96.970,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,276.0,152.0 1.010,0.0,98.990,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,137.0,0.0 2.020,1.010,96.970,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,184.0,0.0 0.0,2.0,98.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 1.020,0.0,98.980,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 1.0,2.0,97.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,28672.0,0.0,0.0
5. Give 5 updates about cpu, disk, network and system at time intervals of 1 second along-with time
$ dstat -cdnyt 1 5 ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---system-- ----system---- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| int csw | time 3 1 95 1 0 0| 69k 22k| 0 0 | 103 405 |06-07 01:13:47 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 184B 0 | 43 187 |06-07 01:13:48 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 249B 0 | 60 262 |06-07 01:13:49 2 0 98 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 58 257 |06-07 01:13:50 3 0 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 57 213 |06-07 01:13:51 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 61 253 |06-07 01:13:52
6. Order of options matters as in the same order the statistics are shown
$ dstat -mrtyp 1 5 ------memory-usage----- --io/total- ----system---- ---system-- ---procs--- used buff cach free| read writ| time | int csw |run blk new 504M 14.2M 340M 130M|2.89 0.69 |06-07 01:17:34| 102 404 | 0 0 0.3 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 |06-07 01:17:35| 45 221 | 0 0 0 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 |06-07 01:17:36| 53 243 | 0 0 0 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 |06-07 01:17:37| 58 253 | 0 0 0 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 5.00 |06-07 01:17:38| 60 223 | 0 0 0 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 |06-07 01:17:39| 67 276 |1.0 0 0 $ dstat -typmr 1 5 ----system---- ---system-- ---procs--- ------memory-usage----- --io/total- time | int csw |run blk new| used buff cach free| read writ 06-07 01:17:44| 102 404 | 0 0 0.3| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M|2.89 0.69 06-07 01:17:45| 55 204 | 0 0 0| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 06-07 01:17:46| 47 237 | 0 0 0| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 06-07 01:17:47| 54 230 | 0 0 0| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 06-07 01:17:48| 45 193 | 0 0 0| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0 06-07 01:17:49| 50 239 | 0 0 0| 504M 14.2M 340M 130M| 0 0
7. Usage of -a option
$ dstat -at 1 5 ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system-- ----system---- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw | time 3 1 95 1 0 0| 68k 21k| 0 0 | 929B 3926B| 102 400 |06-07 01:30:33 3 1 96 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 134 290 |06-07 01:30:34 8 0 92 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 126 291 |06-07 01:30:35 7 1 92 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 246 442 |06-07 01:30:36 5 2 93 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 143 309 |06-07 01:30:37 5 0 95 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 127 303 |06-07 01:30:38
8. Usage of -v option
$ dstat -vt 1 5 ---procs--- ------memory-usage----- ---paging-- -dsk/total- ---system-- ----total-cpu-usage---- ----system---- run blk new| used buff cach free| in out | read writ| int csw |usr sys idl wai hiq siq| time 0 0 0.3| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 929B 3923B| 68k 21k| 102 400 | 3 1 95 1 0 0|06-07 01:31:16 0 0 0| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 0 0 | 0 0 | 55 232 | 2 1 97 0 0 0|06-07 01:31:17 0 0 0| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 0 0 | 0 0 | 63 245 | 4 0 96 0 0 0|06-07 01:31:18 0 0 0| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 0 0 | 0 0 | 62 245 | 4 0 96 0 0 0|06-07 01:31:19 1.0 0 0| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 0 0 | 0 0 | 57 212 | 3 1 96 0 0 0|06-07 01:31:20 0 0 0| 504M 14.4M 341M 129M| 0 0 | 0 0 | 55 213 | 5 1 94 0 0 0|06-07 01:31:21
9. Usage of -f option
$ dstat -aft 1 5 -------cpu0-usage------ --dsk/fd0-----dsk/sda-- --net/eth0- ---paging-- ---system-- ----system---- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ: read writ| recv send| in out | int csw | time 3 1 95 1 0 0| 0 0 : 68k 21k| 0 0 | 928B 3920B| 102 400 |06-07 01:31:53 1 1 98 0 0 0| 0 0 : 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 51 235 |06-07 01:31:54 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 : 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 78 291 |06-07 01:31:55 3 1 96 0 0 0| 0 0 : 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 54 236 |06-07 01:31:56 2 1 97 0 0 0| 0 0 : 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 53 204 |06-07 01:31:57 4 0 96 0 0 0| 0 0 : 0 16k| 0 0 | 0 0 | 56 226 |06-07 01:31:58 $ dstat -at 1 5 ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system-- ----system---- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw | time 3 1 95 1 0 0| 68k 21k| 0 0 | 928B 3920B| 102 400 |06-07 01:32:01 4 2 94 0 0 0| 0 0 | 184B 0 | 0 0 | 61 292 |06-07 01:32:02 3 2 95 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 59 214 |06-07 01:32:03 4 0 96 0 0 0| 0 24k| 184B 0 | 0 0 | 56 235 |06-07 01:32:04 4 1 95 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 56 208 |06-07 01:32:05 3 0 97 0 0 0| 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 58 224 |06-07 01:32:06
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