This set of Unit Processes Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Thermodynamics and Kinetics”.
1. What is an equilibrium state?
a) Extent of reaction
b) Optimum condition
c) Least value product
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The extent to which a chemical reaction may proceed under a given set of conditions is given by the equilibrium state.
2. What is the driving force in a reaction?
a) Energy given
b) Energy released
c) Free energy
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The driving force of the reaction is the change in free energy, which is related to the equilibrium constant (K).
3. What should be the free energy so that reaction is spontaneous?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
d) None of the mentioned
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Explanation: If the free energy change is negative the reaction is spontaneous and becomes more favourable with increasing (-dF); on the other hand if the free energy change is positive and greater than 10 kg-cal per mole the reaction is not suitable for practical application.
4. What does hydrolysis of Alkyl Chlorides produce?
a) Unsaturated compound
b) Alcohol
c) Aldehyde
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Hydrolysis of Alkyl Chlorides produces alcohol and hydrochloric acid as by-product.
5. What type of reaction is Hydrolysis of Alkyl Chlorides?
a) Endothermic
b) Exothermic
c) Neutral
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Hydrolysis of Alkyl Chlorides, here an estimation of the change in heat content (enthalpy) from bond energies shows this hydrolysis to be endothermic.
6. Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate is an irreversible reaction.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate is a reversible esterification reaction.
7. What is the heat of reaction for hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate?
a) Greater than zero
b) Less than zero
c) Zero
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: In hydrolysis of ethyl acetate, the equilibrium position was shown to be independent of the temperature. A calculation of the heat of reaction by the method of bond energies gives a value of zero, since the bonds broken are of the same type as the bonds formed.
8. Which type of reaction is inversion of Sucrose?
a) Reversible
b) Irreversible
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: In inversion of Sucrose, many hydrolytic reactions, including the decomposition of esters, are reversible; but others such as sucrose inversion and protein hydrolysis, though not necessarily complete, have not been reversed.
9. The speed of reaction is no important in attaining equilibrium.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Explanation: In commercial processes, whether a reaction goes fast or slow is extremely important, and thus the rate at which a chemical reaction approaches equilibrium is significant.
10. What is meant by ‘Z’ in Arrhenius equation?
a) Energy of activation
b) Gas constant
c) Probability factor
d) Frequency of collision
View Answer
Explanation: In Arrhenius equation, E is the energy of activation, R the gas constant, Z the frequency of collision at unit concentration of reactants, and P a probability factor.
11. What is ‘transition-state theory’ related to?
a) Free energy
b) Activated complex
c) Transition state
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: The transition-state theory, places emphasis on the free energy of activation and is concerned with the thermodynamic probability of attaining an “activated complex,” or transition state.
12. Hydrolysis of ester is catalysed by what?
a) Hydroxyl ion
b) Nitrite ion
c) Halogen
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: Extensive study of the hydrolysis of esters has shown that the reaction is reversible and is catalyzed by both oxonium (H3O+) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions.
13. Hydrolysis of alkyl halide is possible in which type of mechanism?
a) Unimolecular
b) Bimolecular
c) Both unimolecular and bimolecular
d) None the mentioned
View Answer
Explanation: In alkyl halides, there are two possible mechanisms3 for the reaction, one is unimolecular and other is bimolecular.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Unit Processes.
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